Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40289643›Full record

ArticlePsychological medicine2025

The Illness-Related Distress Scale: development and psychometric evaluation of a new transdiagnostic measure.

Annie S K Jones, Natasha Seaton, Ashley Brown, Emma Jenkinson, Susan Carroll, Kristina C Dietz, Joanna L Hudson, Abigail Wroe, Rona Moss-Morris

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Article in Psychological medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Annie S K JonesHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-2804
Natasha SeatonHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1088-1396
Ashley BrownHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Emma JenkinsonHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6257-0506
Susan CarrollHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3746-8892
Kristina C DietzHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Joanna L HudsonHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0672-2621
Abigail WroeHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-5771
Rona Moss-MorrisHealth Psychology Section, Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-3446

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndividuals with long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) experience higher rates of depression and anxiety. Conventional self-report measures do not distinguish distress related to LTCs from primary mental health disorders. This difference is important as treatment protocols differ. We developed a transdiagnostic self-report measure of illness-related distress, applicable across LTCs.

methodsThe new Illness-Related Distress (IRD) scale was developed through thematic coding of interviews, systematic literature search, think-aloud interviews with patients and healthcare providers, and expert-consensus meetings. An internet sample (

resultsEFA suggested a 2-factor structure for the IRD scale, subsequently confirmed by iteratively comparing unidimensional, lower order, and bifactor CFAs and ESEMs. A lower-order correlated 2-factor CFA model (two 7-item subscales:

conclusionThe IRD scale is the first measure that captures transdiagnostic distress. It may aid assessment within clinical practice and research related to psychological adjustment and distress in LTCs.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychological DistressPsychometricsStress, PsychologicalAdultAgedChronic DiseaseFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSelf Report

Identifiers

PMID40289643
PMCPMC12094643

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.