Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40290307›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025

Association between ethylene oxide exposure and serum sex hormone levels measured in a reference sample of the US general population.

Wenhao Wu, Jingna Wu, Zebin Hou, Qi Yan, Kaixin Qin, Yuan Zhao, Hua Zhang, Yikun Zhu, Junhua He, Jin Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Wenhao WuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Jingna WuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Zebin HouDepartment of Thyroid Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Qi YanDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Kaixin QinDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Yuan ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Hua ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Yikun ZhuDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Junhua HeDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Jin LiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ethylene oxide (EO) is a crucial organic compound commonly utilized in industrial and medical products. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved EO sterilization sterilizes about 50% of sterile medical devices in the U.S. Animal and human studies have suggested that EO exposure may result in severe health problem. However, studies evaluating the relationship between EO exposure and sex hormones in human populations are still lacking. Therefore, further investigation into EO's effects on humans is essential. This cross-sectional study within the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES),2013-2016 examined the relationship between EO-hemoglobin adducts (HbEO) and sex hormones. HbEO was found to be inversely associated with estradiol (E2) and positively associated with the ratio of total testosterone (TT) to E2 and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in adult males. Such associations HbEO and E2 and SHBG were non-linear in male adults. However, no significant associations were found between HbEO and sex steroids across various age groups of females and all male age groups except for adults. Thus, our study provides evidence that EO may potentially serve as an endocrine disruptor in the environment, affecting the levels of sex hormones in adult males.

Indexed as

Endocrine DisruptorsEnvironmental ExposureEstradiolEthylene OxideGonadal Steroid HormonesTestosteroneAdolescentAdultAgedChildCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysEndocrine DisruptorsEstradiolEthylene OxideGonadal Steroid HormonesSex Hormone-Binding GlobulinTestosteroneendocrine disruptorestradiolethylene oxidesex hormonestotal testosterone

Identifiers

PMID40290307
PMCPMC12023753

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.