Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40293640›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of clinical pharmacy2025

Association between sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized active-controlled trials.

Bo Xu, Bo Kang, Shaoqian Li, Jixiang Chen, Jiecan Zhou

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of clinical pharmacy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Bo XuThe First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0594-9103
Bo KangThe First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Shaoqian LiThe First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Jixiang ChenThe First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
Jiecan ZhouThe First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of Major Chronic Diseases, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China. zhoujiecan@fsyy.usc.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3037-3997

Funding

Hunan Province Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project 2020SK51823Hunan Province Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project 2021SK51823Hunan Province Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project 2021SK51828Hunan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Drug Evaluation of major chronic diseases 2023SK4040Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province 2022JJ50163Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province 2023JJ20034Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province 2024JJ9371NSFC 82003872Scientific Research Fund Project of Hunan Provincial Health Commission R2023074The science and technology innovation Program of Hunan Province 2023RC3173
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on cancer incidence compared to other hypoglycemic drugs remains unclear.

aimThis systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to investigate the association of SGLT2 inhibitors with cancer compared to active comparators.

methodA systematic search was conducted up to March 11, 2024 across Web of Science, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov, and included trials with a follow-up period of at least 52 weeks. The Mantel-Haenszel statistical method was utilized, applying risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for binary variables.

resultsTwenty trials covering 16,399 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were included. Median follow-up duration was 1.0 (1.0) years. The effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on the overall risk of cancer was neutral compared to active comparators (RR 1.00; 95%CI 0.71-1.40; p = 0.99; moderate certainty of evidence). SGLT2 inhibitors did not have a significant impact on breast cancer, endometrial/uterine cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, prostate cancer, renal cancer, or respiratory cancer. Subgroup analysis indicated a significant reduction in the risk of gastrointestinal cancer with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to metformin (RR 0.23; 95%CI 0.06-0.95; p = 0.04). SGLT2 inhibitors potentially increased gastrointestinal cancer risk relative to sulfonylureas (RR 3.52; 95%CI 0.91-13.64; p = 0.07).

conclusionSGLT2 inhibitors showed neutral cancer risk in T2DM patients but may reduce gastrointestinal cancer versus metformin, guiding tailored therapy based on patient risk profiles.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hypoglycemic AgentsNeoplasmsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicHypoglycemic AgentsSodium-Glucose Transporter 2 InhibitorsCancerGastrointestinal cancerMeta-analysisSodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID40293640

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.