ArticlePloS one2025
The canine vaginal microbiome during heat and fertility in healthy breeding dogs.
Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Impact of Vaginal Bacteria and Antimicrobial Treatment on Pregnancy Outcomes in Healthy Breeding Bitches.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Practices and perceptions of antibiotic use in canine breeding: a survey among breeders and veterinarians.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- German veterinarians asked: a cross-sectional study on microbiological examination and antimicrobial use in canine reproductive medicine.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A healthy and balanced vaginal microbiome is often thought to be an important prerequisite for successful breeding and healthy litters. Previous studies investigating the influence of canine vaginal bacteria on fertility mostly relied on aerobic culturing. In recent years, culture-independent methods, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), have become popular. With the ability to analyze the microbiome as a whole, research in this field has made notable advances. This is the first study to correlate NGS data of the canine vaginal microbiome in heat with fertility data. Healthy breeding bitches (n=80) presented for routine pre-breeding examination were sampled during early heat and mated after ovulation. A vaginal sample was taken for NGS analysis and microbiological culture. Additionally, a blood sample was collected. Fertility data (mating, pregnancy, delivery, litter size) were assessed. NGS revealed a diverse microbiome in all the samples. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis did not provide evidence of larger differences in the microbiome of those bitches that became pregnant and those that did not.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.