ArticleBiomaterials research2025
Derivation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Sequential Presentation of Growth Factors via Gelatin Microparticles in Pluripotent Stem Cell Spheroids.
Article in Biomaterials research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Stepwise Administration of Bone-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles Encapsulating Valproic Acid and TUDCA Facilitates In Vivo Direct Reprogramming for Osteoporosis Treatment.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived nanovesicles as a therapeutic strategy for oral mucosal regeneration after chemotherapy in a rat model.Journal of tissue engineeringArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative medicine has gained considerable attention in recent years with the development of clinically relevant MSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells. Through sequential presentations of appropriate growth factors (GFs), iPSCs can be differentiated into mesodermal cells and then into MSCs. Furthermore, the formation of 3-dimensional cell spheroids, known as embryoid bodies, can be used to mimic in vivo conditions. However, the compact nature of embryoid bodies restricts the efficient and uniform delivery of GFs, leading to the formation of necrotic zones and hindered differentiation. To address this, we developed 2 types of gelatin microparticles (GelMPs) with distinct degradation rates for sequential delivery of GFs to enhance differentiation while preventing necrotic zones. In 2-dimensional culture, bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP4) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) were identified as key proteins inducing iPSC differentiation into mesodermal cells and MSCs. The sequential presentation of these GFs was optimized for a 3-dimensional culture system by engineering fast-degrading GelMPs conjugated with BMP4 and slow-degrading GelMPs conjugated with FGF2. Our approach facilitated efficient iPSC differentiation into induced mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs), as demonstrated by enhanced expression of mesodermal markers during the early stages of differentiation and MSC-specific markers at later stages. The resulting iMSCs exhibited characteristic surface markers (e.g., CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD44) and trilineage differentiation capability and were genetically stable. Compared to adult-derived MSCs, iMSCs showed superior proliferative capacity and reduced senescence, making them advantageous for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. This innovative approach of generating iMSCs has vast potential for therapeutic applications.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.