Evidence mapPaperPMID 40306734Full record

ArticleKorean circulation journal2025

Influenza Vaccination Trends and Associated Factors Among Middle-aged Working Adults With an Elevated Cardiovascular Risk in Korea.

Min Sun Kim, Seonhye Gu, Sun-Hyung Kim, Ki Man Lee, Bumhee Yang, Hyun Lee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Korean circulation journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Does influenza vaccination protect people with breakthrough infections from acute cardiovascular events?Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Min Sun KimDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biochemical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7693-4657
Seonhye GuDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Informatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3480-7614
Sun-Hyung KimDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7623-0617
Ki Man LeeDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3459-7215
Bumhee Yang *Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea. ybhworld0415@gmail.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-4706
Hyun Lee *Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. namuhanayeyo@naver.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1269-0913

Funding

National Research Foundation of Korea 2020R1A5A2017476National Research Foundation of Korea 2022R1F1A1074749
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesThe development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in middle-aged working groups can be a major contributor to disability-adjusted life years. However, information regarding the current trends in influenza vaccination within this demographic group remains scarce. Thus, we aimed to investigate the recent 11-year trends in influenza vaccination and related factors among these populations in Korea.

methodsOf 42,879 individuals aged 40-64 years enrolled in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2021, 35,323 were included. We investigated the yearly trend of influenza vaccination rate according to ASCVD risk and factors associated with being unvaccinated in the elevated ASCVD risk group (ASCVD risk score: ≥7.5%).

resultsAmong the 35,323 participants, 20,392 (57.7%) were classified into the elevated ASCVD risk group. Over the 11 years, the vaccination rate was significantly higher in the elevated ASCVD risk group than in the low ASCVD risk group (33.8% vs. 25.3%, p<0.001). Factors associated with the unvaccinated status in the elevated ASCVD risk group included younger age (<50 years; adjusted odds ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.31-1.98), male sex (1.43; 1.16-1.76), current smoker status (1.41; 1.13-1.76), residence in an urban area (1.19; 1.01-1.41), and having higher education (1.3; 1.04-1.64).

conclusionsOne in 3 middle-aged working adults with an elevated risk of ASCVD received the influenza vaccination. Although the influenza vaccination rate was higher in participants with an elevated ASCVD risk than in those with low ASCVD risk, the vaccination rate was relatively unsatisfactory.

Indexed as

AtherosclerosisCardiovascular riskInfluenza vaccines

Identifiers

PMID40306734
PMCPMC12270833

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.