ReviewNature immunology2025
Cholinergic T cells revitalize the tumor immune microenvironment: TIME to ChAT.
Review in Nature immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The CAGE Framework (Calcium-Gated Excitability): From Single Neurotransmitters to Calcium States in the Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neuroscience in prostate cancer.Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases · 2026Review
- Neural regulation of cancer: from synaptic integration to neuro-immune regulation.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Varenicline-mediated cholinergic activation through α4β2 nAChR inhibits microglial neuroinflammation and alleviates neuropathic pain and depression following spinal cord injury.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- The Neuroimmune Connectome: Understanding how the Peripheral Nervous System shapes Immunity.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- The Five-Decade Journey of Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2026Review
- The role of acetylcholine and its receptors in tumor immune regulation: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Cholinergic B cells: New players in immune regulation and tissue homeostasis.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Crosstalk between the nervous system and the immune system shapes the tumor microenvironment. Cholinergic T cells, a unique population of T cell antigen receptor-induced acetylcholine-producing T cells, have emerged as an integrative interface between these two fundamental body systems. Here we review the distinct characteristics and functions of cholinergic T cells in cancer settings. We first outline the expression of choline acetyltransferase and the cholinergic machinery in T cells. We then describe the dysfunctional state of choline acetyltransferase-expressing T cells in cancer and delve into their modulatory effects on T cells, cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, including its populations of immune cells, its vasculature and its nerves. We also discuss the clinical implications of harnessing the potential of cholinergic T cells and future directions for increasing our understanding of their importance and possible exploitation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
40307453What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.