ArticleNeurotrauma reports2025
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Patients in a Tertiary Regional Trauma Center in the Philippines.
Article in Neurotrauma reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Abstract
Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and death in children. Limited data exists on pediatric TBI in Southeast Asia, especially in low- and -middle-income countries. This study investigates the clinical characteristics and outcomes of pediatric TBI patients in a tertiary trauma center in the Philippines. This retrospective cohort study examined pediatric patients (18 years and under) with TBI admitted to a Philippine trauma center from 2021 to 2023. A total of 218 patients were included. Data on demographics, injury mechanisms, TBI severity, cranial imaging, surgical procedures, complications, and discharge outcomes were analyzed. Abstract: Among the 218 patients, 75% were male, and most were aged 13-18. The primary mechanism of injury was motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), especially in older children (80%). For patients under 5, falls and MVCs were equally common. Most cases were mild (69%), and 40.8% had negative cranial imaging. Epidural hematoma (20%) was the most common abnormal finding. Of the patients, 8% required surgery, with craniotomy for epidural hematoma being the most frequent procedure. Half of those who underwent surgery had neurological deficits, and there was one recorded death. Overall, 86.7% of patients were discharged without complications, though only 34.6% of those with severe TBI had good outcomes. The overall complication rate was 8.7%, with mild neurological deficits being most common. The case fatality rate was 4.6%, with severe TBI showing a higher rate of 30.8%. The majority of patients were male teenagers involved in MVCs. Although most TBIs were mild, there was a notable incidence of severe TBI, particularly with epidural hematoma. These findings suggest higher-impact trauma in the Philippines. The complication and mortality rates align with other studies. Efforts should focus on road safety, traffic law enforcement, and public education. A multi-center prospective study is needed to better understand the factors influencing outcomes in pediatric TBI.
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