ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2025
Association between the plasma atherogenic index and type 2 diabetes in Chinese population: prospective cohort study based on 4C study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Lipid biomarkers for the prediction of type 2 diabetes risk, an umbrella review and updated meta-analyses of prospective observational studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of control patterns for the atherogenic index of plasma and its obesity-associated indices on transitions in prediabetes glycemic status: results from the CHARLS national cohort study.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Article
- Atherogenic index of plasma and the severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The Interplay of Cardiometabolic Syndrome Phenotypes and Cardiovascular Risk Indices in Patients Diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Currently, the plasma atherogenic index (AIP) is mainly used to predict atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, we aim to investigate the potential association between AIP and type 2 diabetes through a prospective cohort study. Methods: The 4C study, a multicenter prospective cohort investigation, targets the Chinese population and initially enrolled 10,008 participants. Baseline data encompassing lifestyle, metabolic status, and various other factors were collected in 2011. A 10-year follow-up survey was subsequently conducted, ultimately including 9,092 participants. AIP, defined as the logarithmic transformation of the triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein ratio, was divided into quartiles. To explore the potential association between AIP and the risk of type 2 diabetes, Cox regression, restricted cubic spline, receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC), and subgroup analysis were employed. Results: Over a 10-year follow-up period, 693 new cases of type 2 diabetes were identified. In a fully adjusted model, AIP demonstrated a positive association with type 2 diabetes (HR: 4.40; 95% CI: 3.21, 6.04). Compared to the Q1 group, the risk of type 2 diabetes increased progressively across the Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups, with a significant trend (p-value < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed an inverse L-shaped association between AIP and the risk of type 2 diabetes, with a turning point at 0.45. The ROC analysis indicates that incorporating the AIP into the base model enhances its diagnostic performance for type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, similar patterns were observed in the subgroup analyses. Conclusions: Among the Chinese population, elevated AIP levels are positively correlated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, indicating that AIP could potentially serve as a biomarker for assessing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.