Evidence mapPaperPMID 40310565Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2025

Effects of vitamin D supplementation on acute respiratory tract infections in 6-8-year-old children: a randomized clinical trial.

Julia Weeke Clerico, Line Thams, Nanna Groth Stounbjerg, Hanne Hauger, Camilla Trab Damsgaard, Christian Mølgaard

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03956732 (Effects of Milk Protein and Vitamin D on Children's Growth and Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03956732 nacompletednot on this map

Effects of Milk Protein and Vitamin D on Children's Growth and Health (D-pro)

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of CopenhagenRan2019 to 2020Enrolled200ConditionsBone Health, Muscle Function, Cardiometabolic Health, Appetite RegulationArmsMilk Protein (high), Vitamin D, Milk Protein (medium)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Julia Weeke ClericoResearch Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1014, Copenhagen K, Denmark. juliawecle@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-2806-3095
Line ThamsSection of Sports Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Nanna Groth StounbjergDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Hanne HaugerDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Camilla Trab DamsgaardDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Christian MølgaardDepartment of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeVitamin D supplementation during winter may protect children from acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI), especially at Northern latitudes where dermal vitamin D synthesis is negligible. This study aimed to investigate our hypothesis that vitamin D supplementation would have beneficial effects on ARTI in children during extended winter.

methodsThis study includes secondary analyses from a double-blinded, randomized, clinical 24-week trial, which investigated effects of vitamin D supplementation and normal vs. high dairy protein intake on children's growth and health. Baseline visits were conducted in Copenhagen, Denmark (55⁰N) from August-October 2019 and endpoint visits February-April 2020. Parents completed illness questionnaires at baseline and every 4 weeks during the intervention. In total, 200 healthy, white 6-8-y-old children were included and randomized to 20 µg/d vitamin D

resultsParents of 189 children (100 females (53%); mean (SD) age, 7.7(0.8) years) completed all ARTI questionnaires. Baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 79.8(17.2) nmol/L, which increased by 9.4(17.0) nmol/L in the vitamin D group and decreased by 32.7(17.4) nmol/L in the placebo group. The vitamin D-supplemented children had 17% fewer sick days due to ARTI (risk ratio (RR), 0.83; 95% CI, 0.76-0.90; P < 0.001) compared with placebo. Children also had 43% fewer days with ARTI with fever (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.48-0.67; P < 0.001), vitamin D group compared with placebo. No differences were found in any of the other outcomes.

conclusionVitamin D supplementation reduced the number of days with ARTI. This supports a recommendation of vitamin D supplementation during extended winter at northern latitudes.

trial registrationName: Effects of Milk Protein and Vitamin D on Children's Growth and Health (D-pro). Number: NCT03956732. Link: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03956732 .

Indexed as

Dietary SupplementsRespiratory Tract InfectionsVitamin DAcute DiseaseChildDenmarkDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleSeasonsVitamins25-hydroxyvitamin DVitamin DVitaminsAcute respiratory tract infectionsImmune systemPediatricVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID40310565

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.