Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40312404›Full record

ReviewStem cell research & therapy2025

Exploring extracellular vesicles as novel therapeutic agents for intervertebral disc degeneration: delivery, applications, and mechanisms.

Yuxin Jin, Ouqiang Wu, Zhihua Chen, Linjie Chen, Kai Zhang, Qizhu Chen, Haijun Tian, Xinzhou Wang, Morgan Jones, Kenny Yat Hong Kwan and 6 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Yuxin Jin *Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Ouqiang Wu *Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Zhihua Chen *Department of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Linjie ChenDepartment of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Kai ZhangShanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Qizhu ChenDepartment of Clinic of Spine Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200082, China.
Haijun TianDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xinzhou WangDepartment of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Morgan JonesSpine Unit, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Northfield, Birmingham, B31 2AP, UK.
Kenny Yat Hong KwanDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 5/F Professorial Block, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Yan Michael LiDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elm-Wood Ave, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Pooyan MakvandiUniversity Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
Xiangyang WangDepartment of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Xiang HaiEcological-Environment & Health College (EEHC), Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China. xh@zhjhj.cn.
Jun ZhangDepartment of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou, China. spinezhangjun@aliyun.com.
Aimin WuDepartment of Orthopaedics, Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics of Zhejiang Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China. aiminwu@wmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8582-4599

Funding

High - level Innovation Team of Wenzhou's "Ouyue Talent Plan" 2024R3003National Natural Science Foundation of China 82472488the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province LR25H060001Wenzhou Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project ZY2022010
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration is a multifactorial degenerative disease that poses a significant threat to the health of the elderly population. Current treatments primarily focus on physical therapy, medication, and surgery to alleviate symptoms associated with disc compression but do not address the progression of degeneration. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the potential of extracellular vesicle therapy as a novel preventive strategy to delay degeneration and enhance tissue repair in intervertebral discs. We cover the pathogenic mechanisms underlying intervertebral disc degeneration, including inflammation, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy dysregulation, and the roles of non-coding RNAs. Subsequently, we discussed the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles and their molecular components, such as proteins, RNAs, and lipids, in modulating these pathways to counter intervertebral disc degeneration. We provides a comprehensive review of the significant role of extracellular vesicle cargo in mediating repair mechanisms. It discusses the functional enhancement advantages exhibited by extracellular vesicles under current bioengineering modifications and drug loading. The challenges and future prospects of utilizing extracellular vesicle therapy to treat this degenerative condition are also summarized.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesIntervertebral Disc DegenerationAnimalsHumansExosomesExtracellular vesiclesIntervertebral disc degenerationLower back pain

Identifiers

PMID40312404
PMCPMC12044939

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.