Evidence mapPaperPMID 40312880Full record

ArticleScandinavian journal of public health2026

The intensity of informal caregiving and its implications for older caregivers: a national survey in Sweden.

Mariam Kirvalidze, Elizabeth Hanson, Lennart Magnusson, Lena Dahlberg, Anders Wimo, Lucas Morin, Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scandinavian journal of public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Coming to terms with the need for home care: a reflexive thematic analysis of older adults' experiences in Sweden.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Mariam KirvalidzeAging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-6773-3792
Elizabeth HansonSwedish Family Care Competence Centre (Nka), Kalmar, Sweden.
Lennart MagnussonSwedish Family Care Competence Centre (Nka), Kalmar, Sweden.
Lena DahlbergAging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.
Anders WimoDivision of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Lucas MorinDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Amaia Calderón-LarrañagaAging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInformal caregiving is a crucial-albeit often invisible-part of the support system that enables older people with chronic diseases, disability, or age-related conditions to live in the community. However, providing informal care can affect caregivers' lives.

aimsTo explore 1) the level of care intensity among older caregivers, 2) the relationship between the intensity of caregiving and the negative experiences reported by caregivers, and 3) the variations in unmet support needs depending on the intensity of caregiving.

methodsBetween May and September 2023, we conducted a national representative survey to map informal caregivers in Sweden. A total of 25,776 older adults aged ⩾65 years were sampled. Marginal probabilities were calculated to obtain results adjusted for age, sex, and level of education.

resultsA total of 15,129 people aged ⩾65 years responded to the survey (58.7%), of which 2157 were informal caregivers (14.3%). During a typical week, 68.6% of caregivers provided 1-10 h of informal care, 14.6% provided 11-29 h, and 16.8% provided at least 30 h of care. Women (63.1%) and caregivers aged ⩾75 years (64.1%) were overrepresented in the group providing high-intensity informal care. A higher intensity of care was related to reporting more negative experiences and worse health, as well as to experiencing more unmet support needs.

conclusionsWhile most older informal caregivers reported low-intensity engagement and overall good satisfaction with their situation, a non-negligible fraction provides high-intensity help and has unmet needs that should be addressed by targeted interventions rather than one-size-fits-all policies.

Indexed as

CaregiversAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesSwedenagingcaregiversInformal care

Identifiers

PMID40312880
PMCPMC13323912

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.