Evidence mapPaperPMID 40313531Full record

ReviewChemical & biomedical imaging2025

Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of the Adaptive Immune System in Cardiovascular Diseases.

Jaume Ramon Otaegui, Deborah Sultan, Gyu Seong Heo, Yongjian Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chemical & biomedical imaging, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jaume Ramon OtaeguiMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.
Deborah SultanMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.
Gyu Seong HeoMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6200-4742
Yongjian LiuMallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1118-1535

Funding

The PET Radiotracer Translation and Resource Center (PET-RTRC) Training & DisseminationP41EB025815 · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · 2025 to 2025
$1.3M
NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB025815
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death around the globe. In recent years, a crucial role of the immune system has been acknowledged in cardiac disease progression, opening the door for immunomodulatory therapies. To this ongoing change of paradigm, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the immune system has become a remarkable tool to reveal immune cell trafficking and monitor disease progression and treatment response. Currently, PET imaging of the immune system in cardiovascular disease mainly focuses on the innate immune system such as macrophages, while the immune cells of the adaptive immune system including B and T cells are less studied. This can be ascribed to the lack of radiotracers specifically binding to B and T cell biomarkers compatible with PET imaging within the cardiovascular system. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the role of the adaptive immune system (e.g., B and T cells) in major cardiovascular diseases and introduce key biomarkers for specific targeting of these immune cells and their subpopulations. Finally, we present available radiotracers for these biomarkers and propose a pathway for developing probes or optimizing those already used in other fields (e.g., oncology) to make them compatible with the cardiovascular system.

Identifiers

PMID40313531
PMCPMC12042138

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.