Evidence mapPaperPMID 40314352Full record

Observational studyJournal of the American Heart Association2025

Intensive Glycemic Treatment Mitigates Cardiovascular and Mortality Risk Associated With Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes.

Huimin Zhou, Yiquan Huang, Peihan Xie, Shaozhao Zhang, Menghui Liu, Zhenyu Xiong, Rihua Huang, Xingfeng Xu, Miaohong Li, Ziwei Zhou and 6 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Huimin ZhouCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.
Yiquan HuangDepartment of Cardiology, School of Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Fujian China.ORCID 0000-0003-3682-7264
Peihan XieCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0002-9925-8225
Shaozhao ZhangCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0002-3055-4851
Menghui LiuCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0001-6021-4447
Zhenyu XiongCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0003-2658-9258
Rihua HuangCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0002-5399-0074
Xingfeng XuCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.
Miaohong LiCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0002-4691-2430
Ziwei ZhouCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0009-0004-2592-8283
Wenjing ZhangCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0009-0007-3194-8741
Junqi ZhongCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.
Yue GuoCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.
Jingzhou JiangCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.
Xinxue LiaoCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0001-7631-1866
Xiaodong ZhuangCardiology Department First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China.ORCID 0000-0001-6508-8507

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHyperglycemia is one of the proposed risk factors for cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). CAN is associated with increased cardiovascular and mortality risk. But it remains unclear whether cardiovascular and mortality risk associated with CAN is mitigated by intensive glycemic treatment. METHODS AND

resultsThis secondary analysis included 7866 patients from the ACCORDION (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Follow-On) study. CAN was defined using ECG-derived measures. End points included primary outcome (composite of cardiovascular events) and total deaths. During a median follow-up of 8.9 years, a total of 1341 cardiovascular events and 1364 all-cause deaths were ascertained. Compared with standard treatment, intensive treatment reduced risk of primary outcome and total deaths among patients with CAN but not among those without CAN. Compared with absence of CAN, the presence of CAN was associated with increased risk of primary outcome and total deaths in the standard group but not in the intensive group. Significant interactions were found between CAN status and treatment arms on risk of primary outcome and total deaths. Incidence rates per 100 person-years of primary outcome and total deaths were similar between patients without CAN and those with CAN undergoing intensive treatment.

conclusionsIntensive glycemic treatment mitigates cardiovascular and mortality risk associated with CAN and may serve as an effective way in the management of CAN.

Indexed as

Autonomic Nervous System DiseasesBlood GlucoseCardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NeuropathiesGlycemic ControlHypoglycemic AgentsAgedFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic Agentscardiac autonomic neuropathycardiovascular riskmortality risktype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40314352
PMCPMC12184248

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.