Observational studyActa diabetologica2025
Hyperglycemia in the diabetic range, but not previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, is an independent indicator of poor outcome in patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19.
Observational study in Acta diabetologica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04550403 (Clinical Phenotype and Outcomes of Inpatients With COVID-19 and Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Phenotype and Outcomes of Inpatients With COVID-19 and Diabetes
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Acute Hyperglycaemia, Insulin Resistance, and Cytokine Dysregulation as Predictors of Disease Severity in Non-Diabetic Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Admission Hyperglycemia as an Early Predictor of Severity and Poor Prognosis in COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Hospitalized Adults.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsDiabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemia are associated with poor outcome(s) in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, but their independent impact on prognosis remains unclear. We aimed to assess the impact of DM and hyperglycemia on COVID-19 outcomes.
methodsClinical data/records from COVID-19 patients admitted to the Parma University-Hospital (February 23rd to March 31st, 2020) were retrieved and analysed (NCT04550403). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), inflammatory markers and the main biochemical variables were collected at admission. Patients underwent chest high-resolution CT and arterial blood gas analysis to determine the PaO
resultsAmong 756 subjects, 143 (19%) had DM. These patients were older with higher comorbidity rates. The primary outcome occurred in 61.5% DM patients versus 43.4% without DM (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis (accuracy UC = 0.93), older age, cardiovascular and kidney diseases, FPG ≥ 126 mg/dl, C-reactive protein, and P/F ratio, but not previous DM, were independent risk indicators.
conclusionsDM indicated poor COVID-19 outcomes, but not when adjusted for other clinical variables/comorbities, suggesting that its impact was mostly driven by concomitant factors. The independent role of fasting hyperglycemia points to the need for further research on its contribution to COVID-19.
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Registered trials
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