ArticleThe Journal of infection2025
Discordance between measures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitization and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States (NHANES): A population-based cohort study.
Article in The Journal of infection, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The impact of frailty scores on latent tuberculosis infection and all-cause mortality in this population.Medicine · 2026Article
- Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and latent tuberculosis infection: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe examined how latent TB infection (LTBI), evaluated by cell-mediated immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens, impacts glucose metabolism in US adults.
methodsMtb sensitization was evaluated by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release assay (IGRA+: assay reactivity) and tuberculin skin testing (TST+: skin induration ≥10 mm), and categorized as: IGRA-/TST- (TB uninfected controls); IGRA-/TST+; IGRA+/TST-; or IGRA+/TST+. Diabetes was ascertained by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥7.0 mmol/L, HbA1c ≥6.5% and/or antidiabetic medication. Adjusted generalized additive models examined nonlinear effects of skin induration and IFN-γ reactivity on FPG and HbA1c; and LTBI on diabetes prevalence.
resultsAmong 1787 (IGRA-/TST-), 101 (IGRA-/TST+), 92 (IGRA+/TST-), and 99 (IGRA+/TST+) adults, skin induration linearly associated with FPG [effective degrees of freedom (EDF) =1.01; p<0.001] and non-linearly with HbA1c [EDF=1.76; p=0.003]. IFN-γ reactivity correlated with neither FPG [p=0.58] nor HbA1c [p=0.94]. Relatedly, adjusted diabetes prevalence was greater in IGRA-/TST+ [24.9%; p=0.048] and IGRA+/TST+ [27.3%; p=0.004] but not IGRA+/TST- [15.9%; p=0.69] individuals than among controls [15.3%].
conclusionsLTBI associated with glycemic measures and diabetes when assessed by skin induration, but not IFN-γ release. This suggests an association with innate immune activation rather than acquired T-cell response, as determined by ex vivo IFN-γ release assay.
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