ArticleBMJ open2025
Correlation between economic status and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia: analysis of claim data from the national health insurance scheme, 2018-2022.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesThis study investigated the correlation between the type of health insurance membership as a proxy for the economic status of patients and the severity of their type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia.
designThe study conducted a secondary analysis of National Health Insurance (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional) claim data provided by the Indonesian Social Security Agency,
settingSecondary healthcare facilities in Indonesia.
participantsThe dataset included 2 989 618 claims for hospital visits of people with T2DM from 2018 to 2022. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Severity level of T2DM patients.
resultA higher percentage of T2DM patients who visited healthcare facilities with subsidised insurance (PBI), which represents a low-income group, have severe disease (6.9%) than patients in the PBPU & PPU (4.9%) and BP categories (5.5%). Moreover, regression analysis revealed that having PBI membership status was associated with a greater OR of having severe T2DM than nonsubsidised members. Among T2DM patients in the nonsubsidised insurance category, workers (PBPU & PPU) had an OR of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.735 to 0.745; p<0.0001) for having severe disease during hospital visits. Moreover, non-workers (BP) had a lower OR of 0.718 (95% CI: 0.711 to 0.725; p<0.0001) for severe disease than the PBI category.
conclusionThese findings illustrate the lack of optimal access to health services for diabetes patients in low-income insurance membership categories and the challenges of better treatment in health facilities for low-income patients.
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