Evidence mapPaperPMID 40316682Full record

ArticlePediatric research2025

A cross-sectional study of non-invasive markers of vascular health in children and adolescents.

Reeja F Nasir, Tommy Y Cai, Alice Meroni, Hasthi Dissanayake, Adrienne Gordon, David S Celermajer, Michael R Skilton

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Article in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Reeja F NasirThe Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia. reeja.nasir@sydney.edu.au.
Tommy Y CaiThe Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Alice MeroniThe Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Hasthi DissanayakeThe Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Adrienne GordonFaculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
David S CelermajerFaculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Michael R SkiltonThe Boden Initiative, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-invasive methods assessing subclinical atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), are well-described in adults but less so in the paediatric population. Other techniques, such as aortic IMT, may be more appropriate in children. This study aimed to characterise age-related changes to arterial vasculature using best practice methodology for these measures.

methodsThis cross-sectional study involved 97 healthy volunteers aged 2 to 20 (mean age 11.2 years [SD 5.1]). Carotid and aortic IMT were measured using high-resolution ultrasound. A validated semi-automated cuff-based device was used to measure cfPWV.

resultsAortic IMT showed a significant age-related increase of 9 μm per year [95% CI: 6, 12], p < 0.0001) during childhood and adolescence, whilst carotid IMT was significantly associated with male sex (29 μm per year [95% CI: 11, 48], p = 0.002) during this period. cfPWV exhibited an age-related increase from nine years of age onwards (0.11 ms

conclusionsAge-related changes in the arterial vasculature vary between sites and methodologies. During childhood, aortic IMT appears to be a more sensitive marker for early structural changes and should be prioritised over carotid IMT and cfPWV. IMPACT: Understanding age-related changes in arterial vasculature via non-invasive measures is poorly described in childhood and adolescence. This study finds that the timing and magnitude of age-related changes vary across arterial beds and between non-invasive measures in the first two decades of life. Aortic intima-media thickness is a more age-appropriate measure of early structural changes in the young than the more widely used carotid intima-media thickness. Furthermore, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, is best evaluated in late childhood and adolescence and likely has little relevance in early childhood.

Indexed as

Carotid Intima-Media ThicknessAdolescentAge FactorsAortaAtherosclerosisBiomarkersCarotid ArteriesCarotid-Femoral Pulse Wave VelocityChildChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMalePulse Wave AnalysisYoung AdultBiomarkers

Identifiers

PMID40316682
PMCPMC12811110

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.