ArticlePediatric research2025
A cross-sectional study of non-invasive markers of vascular health in children and adolescents.
Article in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Response to "Comment on 'Associations of Physical Fitness During Childhood with Arterial Structure and Stiffness in Adolescence: An 8-Year Follow-up Study'".Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Dynamic TyG-inflammation-endothelial trajectories and placental histopathology synergistically define a maternal-fetal vascular risk phenotype.Romanian journal of morphology and embryology = Revue roumaine de morphologie et embryologieArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNon-invasive methods assessing subclinical atherosclerosis, such as carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), are well-described in adults but less so in the paediatric population. Other techniques, such as aortic IMT, may be more appropriate in children. This study aimed to characterise age-related changes to arterial vasculature using best practice methodology for these measures.
methodsThis cross-sectional study involved 97 healthy volunteers aged 2 to 20 (mean age 11.2 years [SD 5.1]). Carotid and aortic IMT were measured using high-resolution ultrasound. A validated semi-automated cuff-based device was used to measure cfPWV.
resultsAortic IMT showed a significant age-related increase of 9 μm per year [95% CI: 6, 12], p < 0.0001) during childhood and adolescence, whilst carotid IMT was significantly associated with male sex (29 μm per year [95% CI: 11, 48], p = 0.002) during this period. cfPWV exhibited an age-related increase from nine years of age onwards (0.11 ms
conclusionsAge-related changes in the arterial vasculature vary between sites and methodologies. During childhood, aortic IMT appears to be a more sensitive marker for early structural changes and should be prioritised over carotid IMT and cfPWV. IMPACT: Understanding age-related changes in arterial vasculature via non-invasive measures is poorly described in childhood and adolescence. This study finds that the timing and magnitude of age-related changes vary across arterial beds and between non-invasive measures in the first two decades of life. Aortic intima-media thickness is a more age-appropriate measure of early structural changes in the young than the more widely used carotid intima-media thickness. Furthermore, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, is best evaluated in late childhood and adolescence and likely has little relevance in early childhood.
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