Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40317075›Full record

ReviewJournal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR2025

Harnessing engineered extracellular vesicles for enhanced therapeutic efficacy: advancements in cancer immunotherapy.

Zheng Gong, Cheng Cheng, Chaonan Sun, Xiaoli Cheng

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed.

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  11. Beyond autologousMolecular therapy. Oncology · 2026
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  15. Extracellular vesicles in spine tumors: biological roles, immune modulation, and therapeutic implications.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zheng Gong *Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Cheng Cheng *Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China.
Chaonan SunDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110042, China. 13674138643@163.com.
Xiaoli ChengDepartment of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, 110004, China. chengxiaoli057509@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly engineered variants, have emerged as promising tools in cancer immunotherapy due to their inherent ability to modulate immune responses and deliver therapeutic agents with high specificity and minimal toxicity. These nanometer-sized vesicles, which include exosomes (Exos) and other subtypes, naturally participate in intercellular communication and are capable of carrying a diverse range of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, RNAs, and metabolites. Recent advancements in the biogenesis of engineered EVs, such as strategies to modify their surface characteristics and cargo, have significantly expanded their potential as effective vehicles for targeted cancer therapies. Tailoring the contents of EVs, such as incorporating immunomodulatory molecules or gene-editing tools (GETs), has shown promising outcomes in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and overcoming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Moreover, optimizing delivery mechanisms, through both passive and active targeting strategies, is crucial for improving the clinical efficacy of EV-based therapies. This review provides an overview of recent developments in the engineering of EVs for cancer immunotherapy, focusing on their biogenesis, methods of content customization, and innovations in cargo delivery. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges associated with the clinical translation of EV-based therapies, such as issues related to scalability, safety, and targeted delivery. By offering insights into the current state of the field and identifying key areas for future research, this review aims to advance the application of engineered EVs in cancer treatment.

Indexed as

Extracellular VesiclesImmunotherapyNeoplasmsAnimalsHumansTumor MicroenvironmentCancer immunotherapyDrug deliveryEngineered EVsExtracellular Vesicles (EVs)Therapeutics

Identifiers

PMID40317075
PMCPMC12048990

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.