SynthesisBMC anesthesiology2025
Nonpharmacological interventions for decreasing anxiety during anesthesia induction in children: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMC anesthesiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effectiveness of parental presence during induction of anaesthesia in managing perioperative anxiety in children: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Managing Preoperative Anxiety in the Context of Odontectomy: A Systematic Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Preoperative interventions for reducing anxiety in school-age children undergoing surgery: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Anesthesia management for surgical excision in patients with Rosai-Dorfman disease involving multiple organs throughout the body: a case report and literature review.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Review
- Comparison of preanesthesia visits using video animation with verbal communication versus verbal communication alone on preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients: a randomized controlled trial.Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- Effect of parental presence on intravenous sedation in children with cyanotic heart disease undergoing CT angiography: a prospective randomized trial.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAnxiety during anesthesia induction can lead to various negative outcomes and psychological burdens in children undergoing surgery. Nonpharmacological interventions are available for reducing anxiety in this context. However, due to a lack of evidence from head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs), the specific effects of these methods on children with anxiety during anesthesia induction remain unclear.
objectiveThis network meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative effects of all known nonpharmacological interventions for reducing anxiety in children during anesthesia induction and to rank these interventions based on their practical applicability.
designSystematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify articles published up to August 2024. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility of potential studies and extracted data. Outcome measures of the meta-analysis were the anxiety levels of children during anesthesia induction, the anxiety levels of parents, and the child's compliance during anesthesia induction. A consistency model was selected to conduct a network meta-analysis to evaluate the relative effects and rank probabilities of different nonpharmacological interventions.
resultsA total of 34 RCTs with 3,040 participants and six intervention methods were included. All trials confirmed the safety of the six intervention methods, with no significant adverse events reported. The network meta-analysis showed that the Passive Distraction Intervention (PDI)-Parental Presence at Induction of Anesthesia (PPIA), Interactive Distraction Intervention (IDI)-PPIA, IDI, PDI, and PPIA interventions were associated with more substantial reductions in anxiety than usual care. However, the studied interventions showed no statistically significant differences for reducing parental anxiety. The PPIA, IDI, and IDI-PPIA interventions also improved compliance during anesthesia induction.
conclusionsOur study confirmed that some nonpharmacological interventions are effective at reducing anxiety in children and enhancing compliance during anesthesia induction. Therefore, we recommend several interventions for clinical practice, including the PDI-PPIA, IDI-PPIA, PDI, IDI, and PPIA when working with children undergoing anesthesia induction. REGISTRATION: We registered this network meta-analysis with PROSPERO (registration no. CRD42022262874). CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.