Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40320549›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of surgical oncology2025

Skeletal muscle index/systemic immune-inflammation index (SMI/SII) ratio predicts prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Shu-Xian Li, Wei Huang, Jun-Xiang Li, Tian-Zhi An, Hui-Zhou Li, Chao Hu, Yu-Dong Xiao, Tian-Cheng Wang

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of surgical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shu-Xian Li *Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.
Wei Huang *Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.
Jun-Xiang LiDepartment of Interventional Radiology, Guizhou Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, 550004, China.
Tian-Zhi AnDepartment of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550032, China.
Hui-Zhou LiDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
Chao HuDepartment of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.
Yu-Dong XiaoDepartment of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China.
Tian-Cheng WangDepartment of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, 410011, China. wangtiancheng94@csu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5908-2771

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University 2023ZZTS0597Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation 2023JJ40824
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSystemic inflammation and skeletal muscle are associated with prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prognostic value of a combination of skeletal muscle index (SMI) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the prognostic value of combined SMI and SII in predicting overall survival (OS) for HCCs after liver resection (LR) or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

methodsThis multi-institutional study included three retrospective datasets and one prospective dataset. The SMI/SII was calculated for each cohort. The performance of SMI/SII in predicting recurrence after LR was evaluated in the training cohort, and the optimal cut-off value was calculated. Based on optimal cut-off value, patients were stratified into low and high SMI/SII groups. Cox regression analysis were performed to determine the independent prognostic factors for poor OS. In prospective validation-3 cohort, peripheral blood samples were analyzed for correlation between SMI/SII and distribution of immune cells.

resultsA total of 1504 patients were included. The AUC of SMI/SII was 0.701. The OS was significantly better in the high SMI/SII group than that in the low SMI/SII group in the training, validation-1, validation-2 cohorts, and combined those three cohorts. Furthermore, low SMI/SII level was an independent prognostic factor for poor OS. Additionally, findings in validation-3 cohort indicated that patients with HCCs and high SMI/SII display anti-tumor attributes in their peripheral blood composition.

conclusionA decreased SMI/SII may be a distinct biomarker of unfavorable prognosis in patients with HCCs, which may be practical to develop personalized treatment strategies for HCC.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, HepatocellularInflammationLiver NeoplasmsMuscle, SkeletalNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalAgedChemoembolization, TherapeuticFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHepatectomyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProspective StudiesRetrospective StudiesHepatocellular carcinomaNutrition statusPrognosisSystemic inflammation

Identifiers

PMID40320549
PMCPMC12051346

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.