ArticleEuropean heart journal2025
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein(a) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are independent predictors of cardiovascular events.
Article in European heart journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Gene-Air Pollution Interaction in Cardiovascular Disease: Lights and Shadows in a Tangled Risk Factor Network.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Sex- and menopause-specific inverse associations between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and serum lipoprotein(a) concentrations: evidence from SHIP and UK Biobank.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Reprogramming-Driven Cardiovascular Immune Damage: From Glyco-Lipotoxicity and Epigenetic Memory to Multidimensional Cross-Organ Communication Networks.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The association between the red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with hyperlipidemia: a cohort study based on NHANES 1999-2018.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Predictive value of combined TyG-BMI and hsCRP for clinical outcomes in patients with chronic coronary syndrome undergoing PCI: a retrospective cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- Comparison of all-cause mortality risk factors in a population-based cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins and Inflammation: Independent and Synergistic Roles in Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Inflammatory and cholesterol risks and rates of major cardiovascular events among patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in routine care.European heart journal open · 2026Article
- Elevated homocysteine associated with higher cardiovascular risk in young patients with myocardial infarction: the role of metabolic phenotypes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- The association of remnant cholesterol inflammatory index with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with angina undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Platelet to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio predicts clinical outcomes after acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Integrative Inflammation-Metabolism Indicator for Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: Evaluating the C-Reactive Protein-Triglyceride Glucose Index for Risk Stratification and Progression Across Three National Cohorts.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Association Between C-Reactive Protein-Triglyceride Glucose Index and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Across Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0-4.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Editorial: Exploring molecular mechanisms and novel diagnostics in cardiovascular disease treatment.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular Prevention: Current Gaps and Future Directions.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Brazilian Guideline on Dyslipidemias and Prevention of Atherosclerosis - 2025.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- Association of Free Fatty Acids With Long-Term Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Premature Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Predictive value of combined MHR and Lp(a) for in-stent restenosis in coronary heart disease patients: a study based on GEE model.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsAssociations of hyperlipidaemia and inflammation with the risk for incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were analysed in individuals with and without cholesterol-lowering medication therapy.
methodsData from 322,922 participants (55.9% women) aged 38 to 73 years from the UK Biobank were included. Longitudinal associations of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), both individually and in combination, were analysed with the risk for incident MACEs using Cox regression models, stratified by cholesterol-lowering medication use.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 13.7 years, 31,295 (9.69%) participants had incident MACEs. The incidence was 8.32% in non-users and 18.6% in users of cholesterol-lowering medication. Higher LDL-C levels were associated with the highest risk for MACEs, followed by Lp(a) and Hs-CRP. One higher standard deviation in LDL-C, Lp(a), and Hs-CRP was associated with a 13%, 8%, and 6% greater risk for MACEs in non-users and 11%, 7%, and 6% in cholesterol-lowering medication users, respectively. When combined, LDL-C, Lp(a), and Hs-CRP demonstrated a synergistic effect. Compared with individuals with all three biomarkers at or below the 75th percentile, those with all three biomarkers above the 75th percentile had a 77% higher risk for incident MACEs among non-users and a 58% higher risk among those on cholesterol-lowering medications.
conclusionsHyperlipidaemia and inflammation independently and synergistically contribute to an increased risk for incident cardiovascular events. The magnitude of risk is more closely related to serum biomarker concentrations than to the use or not of cholesterol-lowering medications.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.