Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40322776›Full record

ArticleBrain communications2025

Sexual dimorphisms in innate immune activation markers in predementia Alzheimer's disease.

Stephanie Knudtzon, Kaja Nordengen, Lene Pålhaugen, Berglind Gísladóttir, Jonas Jarholm, Geir Bråthen, Ragnhild Eide Skogseth, Knut Waterloo, Per Selnes, Tormod Fladby and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factor APOE4 Exerts Dimorphic Effects on Female Bone.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Stephanie KnudtzonDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1628-5377
Kaja NordengenDepartment of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
Lene PålhaugenDepartment of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
Berglind GísladóttirDepartment of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
Jonas JarholmDepartment of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
Geir BråthenDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
Ragnhild Eide SkogsethDepartment of Geriatric Medicine and the Neuro-SysMed Centre, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway.
Knut WaterlooDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway.
Per SelnesDepartment of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
Tormod FladbyDepartment of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway.
Bjørn-Eivind KirsebomDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-9578

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Females have an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). The innate immune system plays a key role in AD pathology, and sex differences in innate immune responses may contribute to differences in disease risk and progression. This study investigated sex differences in innate immune responses among participants without cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) determined amyloid pathology [A-; cognitively normal (CN),

Indexed as

cerebrospinal fluidinflammationinnate immune systemsex differences

Identifiers

PMID40322776
PMCPMC12046404

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.