Evidence mapPaperPMID 40328819Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Glycemic control and prostate antigen levels in individuals with diabetes based on NHANES data.

Xiao Huo, Zhi Wang, Nan Huang, Jie Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Xiao HuoDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Zhi WangHuazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Nan HuangSecond Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Jie ZhangDepartment of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China. 204377@cqmu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The relationship between diabetes and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels is complex, with potential implications for prostate cancer screening. This study examined the association between glycemic control and total PSA (tPSA) levels in patients with diabetes. We analyzed data from the 2001-2010 NHANES to assess the relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and tPSA in adults with diabetes, categorizing HbA1c as < 7% (good glycemic control) or ≥ 7% (poor glycemic control). Multivariable regression models were used, adjusting for key demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors, including age, race/ethnicity, marital status, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol use, hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), and insulin use. Adjustments for multiple comparisons were considered using the Bonferroni correction, and missing data were handled using multiple imputation. Participants with poor glycemic control were younger, less likely to be married or partnered, and had higher rates of insulin use but lower hypertension incidence than those with good glycemic control (P < 0.05). The median tPSA level was greater in the good control group (1.10 ng/mL vs. 0.90 ng/mL; P = 0.0014). Multivariate analysis revealed no overall association between HbA1c and tPSA (β = -0.022, P = 0.917). However, significant inverse associations were observed across subgroups, including those aged ≤ 59 years (β = -0.71, P = 0.033), married individuals (β = -0.55, P < 0.001), participants without CAD (β = -0.49, P = 0.015), and insulin users (β = -0.80, P = 0.031). Although no significant overall association was found between glycemic control and tPSA levels, subgroup analyses revealed an inverse relationship between HbA1c and tPSA in younger individuals (≤ 59 years), insulin users, and those without CAD. These findings suggest that glycemic control may have subgroup-specific effects on prostate health in individuals with diabetes.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusGlycemic ControlProstate-Specific AntigenAdultAgedBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedNutrition SurveysProstatic NeoplasmsBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanProstate-Specific AntigenDiabetesGlycemic controlHbA1cNHANESProstate healthProstate-Specific antigen (tPSA)

Identifiers

PMID40328819
PMCPMC12055993

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.