ArticleBMC geriatrics2025
Associations of life's crucial 9 with mortality among older adults with frailty: a prospective cohort study from the NHANES 2007 to 2018.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Malnutrition-induced frailty and risk of early rehospitalization in heart failure: A Survival analysis from a prospective cohort study.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- The relationships between Life's Crucial 9, Life's Essential 8, and sarcopenia in older adults: multicenter case-control study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundFrailty among the elderly represents a considerable public health issue linked to increased vulnerability and adverse outcomes. The Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) score, which includes mental health assessments alongside traditional cardiovascular health metrics, may offer a more comprehensive prediction of mortality risk in frail elderly populations.
methodsThis prospective cohort study leveraged data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018. Participants aged ≥ 60 years were included, and frailty was assessed as Frailty index ≥ 0.21. The LC9 score combined eight physical health metrics with a mental health component focused on depression. Mortality follow-up information was acquired until December 2019. The study employed cox proportional hazards regression to assess the relationship between LC9 scores and mortality and additionally applied restricted cubic spline models to investigate dose-response associations.
resultsThe analysis encompassed a total of 2,690 participants. Each 10-point increase in LC9 score was associated with a 13% decrease in mortality risk (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.80-0.95; p = 0.002) after full adjustment. Participants in the highest tertile of LC9 scores demonstrated a 23-28% reduction in mortality risk compared to the lowest tertile. An L-shaped relationship was observed, with higher LC9 scores associated with lower mortality risk.
conclusionThe LC9 score represents an important advancement in assessing mortality risk among frail older adults. This study highlights the need for holistic approaches in aging health assessments and suggests that integrating mental health within cardiovascular metrics may enhance the accuracy of risk predictions.
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