Evidence mapPaperPMID 40329170Full record

Observational studyBMC geriatrics2025

Analysis of medication management system data to determine potentially inappropriate medication use and hospitalization among older adults living in residential care homes for the elderly population.

Ho Cheung Chau, Kexin Zhang, Bik-Wai Bilvick Tai, Isaac Shing Yan Hui, Hon Ming Ma, Martin Chi Sang Wong, Sau Chu Chiang, Yin Ting Cheung

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC geriatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ho Cheung Chau *Hong Kong Pharmaceutical Care Foundation Limited, Room 703-704, 7th Floor, CRE Center, 889 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Kexin Zhang *School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Bik-Wai Bilvick TaiSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 8th Floor, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39 Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Isaac Shing Yan HuiSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 8th Floor, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39 Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Hon Ming MaJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Martin Chi Sang WongJC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Sau Chu ChiangHong Kong Pharmaceutical Care Foundation Limited, Room 703-704, 7th Floor, CRE Center, 889 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China. scchiang.ppi@outlook.com.
Yin Ting CheungSchool of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 8th Floor, Lo Kwee-Seong Integrated Biomedical Sciences Building, Area 39 Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong SAR, China. yinting.cheung@cuhk.edu.hk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesMany older adults living in Resident Care Homes for the Elderly (RCHEs) are at risk of polypharmacy and the use of potentially inappropriate medication (PIM). Few studies have evaluated the prevalence and consequences of PIM use among older adults living in RCHEs. The objectives of this study are (1) to evaluate the prevalence of PIM use in 29 RCHEs in Hong Kong, and (2) to investigate the association between PIM use and hospitalization in this population.

methodsThis is a prospective, observational, cohort study which utilized final-administered medication data from RCHEs that participated in a medication management program. Data on the medications administered to all residents living in the participating RCHEs were extracted from the SafeMed Medication Management System (SMMS

resultsWe included 6,346 residents (age 82.9 ± 8.6 years; female 61.9%). The average number of current medications was 6.8 ± 7.4. Over half (51.5%) of residents had polypharmacy (≥ 5 medications). The 12-month period prevalence of PIM use was 34.5%. Among the residents with PIMs, 65.1%, 25.5% and 9.4% used 1, 2 and > 2 PIMs, respectively. Residents with PIMs were associated with higher rates of hospitalization (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.54 to 1.69), after adjusting for age, sex and comorbidities. The number of PIMs was significantly associated with higher risk of hospitalization (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.82 to 2.59 for > 1 PIMs vs. 0).

conclusionsThe use of PIM was observed in one-third of older adults living in RCHEs, and was associated with an increased risk of hospitalization. Our findings highlighted the urgent need for strategies to improve clinicians' awareness of PIMs and their adverse impact, and to implement pharmacist-led medication reviews in RCHEs.

Indexed as

Homes for the AgedHospitalizationInappropriate PrescribingMedication Therapy ManagementNursing HomesPotentially Inappropriate Medication ListAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesFemaleHong KongHumansMalePolypharmacyProspective StudiesBeers CriteriaMedication reviewNursing homeOlder adultsPharmacistsPolypharmacyPotentially inappropriate medicationResidential care homes

Identifiers

PMID40329170
PMCPMC12054255

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.