Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40331900›Full record

ArticleJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)2025

Muscle temperature increases during a single far infrared sauna session without changes in intestinal temperature.

Emma L Reed, Colleen C Uzoekwe, Jessica K Atencio, Christopher T Minson, John R Halliwill

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Emma L ReedBowerman Sport Science Center, Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-8870-4699
Colleen C UzoekweBowerman Sport Science Center, Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States.ORCID 0009-0001-0315-2080
Jessica K AtencioBowerman Sport Science Center, Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States.ORCID 0009-0007-4351-0368
Christopher T MinsonBowerman Sport Science Center, Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-3459-3708
John R HalliwillBowerman Sport Science Center, Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-3001-1715

Funding

Heat Therapy versus Exercise Training in HypertensionR01HL144128 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF OREGON · PI HALLIWILL, JOHN R., MINSON, CHRISTOPHER TODD · 2018 to 2021
$2.6M
Histamine as a Molecular Transducer of Adaptation to ExerciseR01AG072805 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF OREGON · PI HALLIWILL, JOHN R., MINSON, CHRISTOPHER TODD · 2021 to 2025
$2.4M
Eugene and Clarissa Evonuk Memorial Graduate FellowshipHHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH) AG072805HHS | National Institutes of Health (NIH) HL144218NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL144128NIA NIH HHS R01 AG072805
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increases in muscle temperature during exercise and passive heating are associated with beneficial outcomes. Far infrared (FIR) saunas are a radiant heating stimulus. It has been claimed that FIR waves penetrate 3 to 4 cm deep into the peripheral tissues, but muscle temperature during FIR sauna bathing is unknown. The purpose was to quantify muscle temperature at three different depths during an FIR sauna session. Ten adults had a multisensor intramuscular temperature probe inserted into the quadriceps muscles before sitting in a FIR sauna for 45 min. Thermocouples were 3.4 cm (deep), 2.4 cm (middle), and 1.4 cm (superficial) below the skin surface. Muscle, core, and skin temperatures, and nude body weight (to calculate whole body sweat rate) were collected before and at the end of heating. Data are reported as (mean [95% confidence intervals]). Muscle temperature increased at the deep (+1.1 [0.3, 1.9]°C), middle (+1.9 [1.0, 2.9]°C), and superficial (+3.0 [1.8, 4.1]°C) depths (all

Indexed as

Body TemperatureInfrared RaysIntestinesMuscle, SkeletalSteam BathAdultBody Temperature RegulationExerciseFemaleHumansMaleSkin TemperatureSweatingYoung Adultbody temperature regulationheatinginfrared wavesquadriceps musclethermodynamics

Identifiers

PMID40331900
PMCPMC13104632

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.