Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40333785›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Lithium Induces Oxidative Stress, Apoptotic Cell Death, and G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.

Pearl Ramushu, Dikgale D Mangoakoane, Raymond T Makola, Thabe M Matsebatlela

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Pearl RamushuDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, P/bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-5035-1963
Dikgale D MangoakoaneDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, P/bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.
Raymond T MakolaDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, P/bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-8394-7096
Thabe M MatsebatlelaDepartment of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Limpopo, P/bag x1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-6506-4070

Funding

National research foundation PMDS230718136321
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lithium has been identified more than six decades ago as a preferred treatment option for manic depression. Due to its affordability, stability, minimal side effects, and immunomodulatory effects, recent studies on lithium have focused on its potential anticancer properties and possible mechanisms of action. Lung cancer ranks the highest as the main cause of death in males and has high mortality rates with low survival rates. In this study, lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells were treated with various concentrations of lithium chloride to evaluate its inflammatory and anticancer properties. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of lithium chloride were assessed using the MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay, Muse

Indexed as

Antineoplastic AgentsApoptosisG2 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointsLithiumLithium ChlorideLung NeoplasmsOxidative StressA549 CellsAnimalsCell Cycle CheckpointsCell SurvivalHumansMiceNitric OxideRAW 264.7 CellsAntineoplastic AgentsLithiumLithium ChlorideNitric Oxideapoptosiscell cycle arrestlithium chloridelung canceroxidative stress

Identifiers

PMID40333785
PMCPMC12029159

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.