Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40335565›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Cross-sectional study of activity habits, socioeconomic status, and cognitive performance in central China's adult population.

Jiajing Li, Dan Song, Siqi Tong, Zhichao He, Jiaqi Qian, Yixuan Zhang, Jingyi He, Shijia Wang, Qianyi Zhou, Qiong Wu and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Jiajing Li *Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Dan Song *Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Siqi Tong *Brain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Zhichao HeBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Jiaqi QianBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Yixuan ZhangBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Jingyi HeBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Shijia WangBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Qianyi ZhouBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Qiong WuBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.
Guirong ChengBrain Science and Advanced Technology Institute, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, West Huangjiahu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China. chengguirong@wust.edu.cn.

Funding

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China 2022ZD0211600,81870901, 82071272, and 72174159
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Activity habits has been demonstrated to confer cognitive benefits. However, the extent to which these activities can mitigate cognitive disparities in older adults resulting from socioeconomic inequality remains unclear. We assessed cognitive performance and leisure activities in participants aged ≥ 65 years from 31 urban and 48 rural communities in Central China. A life-cycle composite socioeconomic status (SES) index incorporating education, occupational prestige, disposable income, and healthcare facility proximity categorized participants into low-, middle-, and high-SES groups. Logistic and linear regression models were employed to examine the associations between leisure activities and cognition, stratified by sex and age across different SES groups. This cross-sectional survey had a total of 8,597 eligible participants aged ≥ 65 years (mean age: 72.2 years, female: 55.1%). Compared to those of high SES, individuals with middle (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.57-2.19) and low SES (OR = 3.62, 95% CI: 2.83-4.64) exhibited a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment and lower cognitive performance. Physical activity and cognitive leisure activity (PA and CLA) demonstrated a linear association with global and sub-domain cognitive performance, with a combined correlation with global cognition (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.10-0.15) being higher than that of CLA (β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.07-0.11) and PA (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02-0.06); our analysis revealed a stronger association between leisure activities and cognitive performance in low-SES individuals, with a notable effect size (combined: β = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.25-0.45; CLA: β = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.19-0.35 and PA: β = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.00-0.16) and in the > 70 years group, both (combined: β = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.31-0.59; CLA: β = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.24-0.47 and PA: β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02-0.22) and higher in men (combined: β = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.24-0.54; CLA: β = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.19-0.40 and PA: β = 0.09, 95% CI: -0.03-0.20). Our findings indicate that leisure activities are significantly associated with cognitive performance among older adults across all SES groups, particularly those in low SES categories. This study supports engagement in cognitively stimulating activities to prevent dementia in older adults of low SES.

Indexed as

CognitionCognitive DysfunctionExerciseHabitsSocial ClassAgedAged, 80 and overChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLeisure ActivitiesMaleCognitionCognitive leisure activityOlder adultPhysical activitySocioeconomic status (SES)

Identifiers

PMID40335565
PMCPMC12059168

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.