Evidence mapPaperPMID 40335749Full record

SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical nutrition2025

Mediterranean diet and rheumatoid arthritis: A nine-year cohort study and systematic review with meta-analysis.

Peipei Hu, Eric Kam-Pui Lee, Qian Li, Lai-Shan Tam, Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong, Paul Kwok-Ming Poon, Benjamin Hon-Kei Yip

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in European journal of clinical nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Peipei HuJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1255-533X
Eric Kam-Pui LeeJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Qian LiJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Lai-Shan TamDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Samuel Yeung-Shan WongJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Paul Kwok-Ming PoonJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. kwokmingpoon@cuhk.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4252-0656
Benjamin Hon-Kei YipJockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. benyip@cuhk.edu.hk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4749-7611

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAlthough the Mediterranean diet (MD) has beneficial effects on heart health, cognitive function, cancer, and other chronic diseases, little is known about its effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study aimed to examine the association between adherence to MD and the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis RA.

methodsWe conducted a cohort study and a systematic review. A total of 117,341 RA-free participants from the UK Biobank were included in 2006-2010 and followed for incident RA until 2021. The MEDI-LITE score was calculated using the consumption of nine food components to estimate adherence to MD. We examined the associations between the MEDI-LITE score and the risk of RA using the Cox proportional hazard model. Relevant studies for the systematic review were identified through six databases. We performed a meta-analysis to pool the effect estimates from our cohort study and identified relevant studies.

resultsDuring a median follow-up of 9.42 years, 773 participants developed RA. Compared with the bottom quartile of the MEDI-LITE score, the risk of RA was lower in the highest quartile (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 0.713, 95% CI = 0.580 to 0.876). Six studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the highest versus lowest adherence to MD and the risk of RA was 0.838 (95% CI = 0.758 to 0.926).

conclusionHigher adherence to MD was associated with a lower risk of RA. Our finding provides updated evidence on the importance of diet in RA development and novel directions for RA prevention.

Indexed as

Arthritis, RheumatoidDiet, MediterraneanAgedCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsUnited Kingdom

Identifiers

PMID40335749
PMCPMC12422945

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.