Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40336283›Full record

ReviewPhilosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences2025

Computational modelling of biological systems now and then: revisiting tools and visions from the beginning of the century.

Axel Loewe, Peter J Hunter, Peter Kohl

Abstract readReviewHistorical Article
In one paragraph

Review in Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. AI-powered in silico twins: redefining precision medicine through simulation, personalization, and predictive healthcare.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Precision cardiac electrophysiology: toward digital twins and beyond.Journal of precision medicine (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Axel LoeweInstitute of Biomedical Engineering, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2487-4744
Peter J HunterBioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0001-9665-4145
Peter KohlUniversity of Freiburg, Medical Faculty, Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg · Bad Krozingen, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany, Freiburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0416-6270

Funding

Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftEuropean High Performance Computing Joint UndertakingLeibniz-GemeinschaftNew Zealand Government
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the turn of the millennium, computational modelling of biological systems has evolved remarkably and sees matured use spanning basic and clinical research. While the topic of the peri-millennial debate about the virtues and limitations of 'reductionism and integrationism' seems less controversial today, a new apparent dichotomy dominates discussions: mechanistic versus data-driven modelling. In light of this distinction, we provide an overview of recent achievements and new challenges with a focus on the cardiovascular system. Attention has shifted from generating a universal model of

Indexed as

Computer SimulationModels, BiologicalSystems BiologyHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansartificial intelligencecardiologyin silico clinical trialsin silico medicinemodelling and simulation

Identifiers

PMID40336283
PMCPMC12105733

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.