ArticleERJ open research2025
A systematic review investigating the impact of dual use of e-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes on smoking cessation.
Article in ERJ open research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of higher versus lower wattage e-cigarettes on smoking: A randomized controlled trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Trial
- The effects of switching to the standardized research electronic cigarette in people with HIV who smoke in the United States.Preventive medicine · 2025Trial
- Daily and Nondaily E-Cigarette Use in Relation to Cigarette Consumption Among Current Smokers.The clinical respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Smoking and Vaping Profiles of Healthcare Workers and Their Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Vaping.Florence Nightingale journal of nursing · 2026Article
- Adult dual and polytobacco use in the United States: Findings from the 2021-2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Global, regional, and national burden of smoking-attributable digestive cancers in adults aged ≥60 years, 1990-2021, with projections to 2036: A secondary dataset analysis of Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Tobacco use trends in South Korea, 2013-2023: Persistent disparities and emerging challenges in a repeated cross-sectional study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Cigarette smoking abstinence at follow-up at 12 months among US adults who regularly used Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and smoked in the past year: A prospective cohort study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence and correlates of ever and current dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among adolescents in Saudi Arabia.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Frequent, dual and nighttime nicotine use among Dutch adolescents: findings from a school-based survey.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Dual use of combustible and heated tobacco products associates persistent symptoms with a history of COVID-19: a JASTIS 2023 cross‑sectional study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Associations Between Dual Tobacco Use and Smoking Cessation Intention Among Vietnamese Adults: A Cross Sectional Result From the Vietnam Population-Based Provincial Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 2022-2023.Tobacco use insights · 2025Article
- Use of New Tobacco and Nicotine Products as a Harm Reduction Strategy: A Critical Review of the Evidence.Open respiratory archivesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Dual use (DU) of conventional cigarettes (CC) and e-cigarettes (EC) has emerged as a common pattern among youth and adult populations. This review aims to investigate whether DU can promote smoking cessation. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, and all longitudinal studies reporting transitions between DU, exclusive EC use and exclusive CC use were included. Two independent reviewers screened and read all records. Use status transitions among DU were compared to transitions among exclusive e-cigarette users and exclusive CC smokers. Results: 46 records (16 original studies) were identified. Of 16 included studies, eight could be pooled for meta-analysis. The studies showed great heterogeneity, and many presented moderate to high risks of bias. Most DU who changed state transitioned to cigarette smoking. Baseline DU were less likely to report a transition into complete abstinence compared to exclusive CC smokers and exclusive EC users. About one-fifth of DU remained in the same use status after >16-24 months, exposing them to DU for a prolonged time. After >24-48 months, 8% of DU maintained DU. Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that DU is not a first step towards smoking cessation, with most DU continuing cigarette consumption either through persistent DU or exclusive CC smoking. Relatively fewer DU transitioned into complete nicotine abstinence compared to exclusive CC and exclusive EC users. The concerns raised about limitations of current evidence highlight the need for more research focused on use status transitions among DU.
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.