Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40340283›Full record

ArticleArchives of endocrinology and metabolism2025

Diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease, either isolated or associated, impact on the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease: are we dealing with similar conditions?

Clara Krummenauer Maraschin, Janine Alessi, Mateus Augusto Dos Reis, Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves Molino, Gabriela Heiden Teló, Beatriz D Schaan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Clara Krummenauer MaraschinUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brasil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.ORCID 0000-0003-1728-8103
Janine AlessiUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brasil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.ORCID 0000-0003-4311-3307
Mateus Augusto Dos ReisUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brasil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.ORCID 0000-0003-0510-4506
Gabriela Oliveira Gonçalves MolinoUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre Porto Alegre RS Brasil Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.ORCID 0000-0003-2082-2215
Gabriela Heiden TelóUniversidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Faculdade de Medicina Porto Alegre RS Brasil Faculdade de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.ORCID 0000-0001-9093-383X
Beatriz D SchaanUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brasil Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.ORCID 0000-0002-2128-8387

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate the association between diabetic retinopathy, diabetic kidney disease, and the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. SUBJECTS AND

methodsA cross-sectional study was performed involving patients diagnosed with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants were classified into four groups: DM (patients without diabetes-related complications), DR (patients with diabetic retinopathy only), DKD (patients with diabetic kidney disease only), and DR + DKD (patients with both diabetic retinopathy and diabetic kidney disease). The primary outcome was the 10-year risk assessment for cardiovascular events, calculated using the American Heart Association's atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease score.

resultsA total of 571 patients were selected including 128 with type 1 diabetes (average age of 39.4 ± 15.1 years; 48.4% female) and 443 with type 2 diabetes (average age of 59.5 ± 11.9 years; 66.4% female). Among the participants with type 2 diabetes, the cardiovascular risk was 15.2 ± 14.6% for the DM group, 15.7 ± 10.7% for the DR group, 22.5 ± 16.7% for the DKD group, and 21.5 ± 15.1% for the DR + DKD group, reflecting a significantly higher cardiovascular risk in the groups with renal involvement (P <0.001). For those with type 1 diabetes, the DM group had a risk of 6.1 ± 8.9%, the DR group 8.9 ±11.8%, the DKD group 5.4 ± 8.8%, and the DR + DKD group 6.1 ± 9.5%. The mean difference in risk between the groups was not statistically significant.

conclusionIn patients with type 2 diabetes, those with diabetic kidney disease appeared to have a higher theoretical risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those with only diabetic retinopathy.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic NephropathiesDiabetic RetinopathyAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsDiabetes mellitusDiabetic nephropathiesDiabetic retinopathyHeart disease risk factors

Identifiers

PMID40340283
PMCPMC12063531

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.