Evidence mapPaperPMID 40347281Full record

Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2025

Impact of chronic consumption of probiotics, oats, and apples on expression of genes related to bile acids, lipid, gut peptides, and inflammation in peripheral monocular cells - findings from the CABALA study.

Shouq Alzoufairi, Rose-Anna G Pushpass, L Liu, J A Lovegrove, K G Jackson

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03369548 (CirculAting Bile Acids as Biomarkers of Metabolic Health - Linking microbiotA, Diet and Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03369548 naunknown statusnot on this map

CirculAting Bile Acids as Biomarkers of Metabolic Health - Linking microbiotA, Diet and Health

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ReadingRan2017 to 2019Enrolled64ConditionsHealthyArmsApple, Oats, Lactobacillus reuteri NCIMB 30242, Cornflakes
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Shouq AlzoufairiHugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK.
Rose-Anna G PushpassHugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK.
L LiuHugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK.
J A LovegroveHugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK.
K G JacksonHugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Harry Nursten Building, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK. k.g.jackson@reading.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3203

Funding

BBSRC grant number: BB/P028209/1Kuwait Cultural Office Kuwait Cultural Office
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeChronic intakes of functional foods (probiotics, apples and oats) have been reported to have beneficial effects on hepatic lipid regulation and glycaemic control, but mechanistic human studies humans are limited. An ex-vivo study was performed to determine the chronic effects of probiotics, oats, and apples on the expression of genes related to markers of cardiometabolic health in peripheral blood monocular cells (PBMC).

methodsIn this CABALA sub-study (n = 59/61, age: 52 ± 12y), blood PBMC were also isolated before and 8 weeks after the daily consumption of either a probiotic with bile salt hydrolase activity (Lactobacillus reuteri), porridge oats, Renetta Canada apples or a control. Relative PBMC mRNA gene expression was determined and correlations performed between the fold change in response to the functional interventions and change in cardiometabolic disease risk markers.

resultsRelative to baseline, there was an upregulation in the PBMC TLR4 mRNA expression in the control compared with the probiotics and apples groups (p[Formula: see text]0.024). Moderate inverse correlations were found between the fold change in GPBAR1 mRNA expression and change in plasma total and secondary BAs, HMGCR and SREBF1 mRNA gene expressions and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and SREBF1 and GIPR mRNA gene expressions and glucose. TLR4 and TNFSF14 mRNA gene expressions were associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (p=0.05).

conclusionProbiotic and apples interventions attenuated the upregulation in PBMC TLR4 mRNA expression observed with the control. Correlations between fold change in mRNA gene expression and changes in cardiometabolic disease risk markers in response to the functional interventions were in agreement with previous studies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY: The study was registered at clinical trials.gov (ref. NCT03369548).

Indexed as

AvenaBile Acids and SaltsGene Expression RegulationInflammationMalusProbioticsAdultFemaleHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearLipid MetabolismMaleMiddle AgedBile Acids and SaltsApplesGene expressionInflammationOatsProbiotics

Identifiers

PMID40347281
PMCPMC12065741

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.