ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Therapeutic effects of medicinal and food-based traditional herbal couples on type 2 diabetes mellitus based on pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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3 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese classic prescriptions combined with metformin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a Bayesian network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Chinese herbal foot baths as a new strategy for diabetic foot with Wagner grade of 0 or 1: a meta-analysis and data mining.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Ricin Toxicity to Intestinal Cells Leads to Multiple Cell Death Pathways Mediated by Oxidative Stress.Toxins · 2025Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR) is the dried bark of Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Lauraceae. Puerariae Lobatae Radix (PLR) is the dried root of the Pueraria lobata (Wild.) Ohwi, Leguminosae. This Chinese herb couple come from the classic formula "Gui Zhi Ge Gen Tang," which is included in the TCM classic "Treatise on Febrile Diseases." Our previous studies have found that CR related herbal compound and PLR related herbal compound are useful in improving type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is expected to be an antidiabetic candidate with fewer side effects. However the mechanism of action of CR-PLR on T2DM has not yet been fully elucidated. Methods: The decoction of CR-PLR was prepared by aqueous extraction method and the composition of it was analyzed using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC. The T2DM model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and the groups of drug administration were metformin, CR, PLR and CR-PLR groups, with continuous gastric gavage for 6 weeks, and the serological indexes were detected by ELISA. The abundance of rats' gut flora was detected by 16s rDNA sequencing, and changes in the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of rats were detected by GC-MS; and the expression of G protein-coupled receptor43 (GPR43) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) proteins in colonic tissues of rats were detected by Western Blot. The pharmacokinetic behavior of CR-PLR was investigated in both normal and T2DM model rats. Caco-2/HT29 co-culture cell model was established in vitro, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and ALP activity of epithelial cells were measured to evaluate cell model integrity and cell polarization, Alcian blue staining was used to verify the presence of mucus production, and CCK-8 was used to screen drug safe concentration. The bidirectional transport of puerarin was studied to investigate the transport mechanism of puerarin and the effect of leuric acid on puerarin transport. Results and discussion: The results indicated that CR-PLR can stimulate intestinal flora, increase the content of SCFAs, activate intestinal GPR43 protein, and promote the secretion of GLP-1 in intestinal L cells, which plays a therapeutic role in the treatment of T2DM. Additionally, cytology and pharmacokinetics experiments have proved that cinnamic acid (CA) can enhance the absorption and transport of puerarin (PUR) by inhibiting the efflux effects mediated by P-gp and MRP efflux transporters. The present study exhibites the scientific and reasonable menaning of this novel Chinese herb couple treating T2DM from the perspecives of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.
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