Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40353383›Full record

ArticlePediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism2025

Epidemiology of type 1 diabetes in Podlasie region, Poland, in years 2010-2022 - 13-years-single-center study, including COVID-19 pandemic perspective.

Maciej Szabłowski, Paweł Klimas, Natalia Wiktorzak, Michał Okruszko, Joanna Peczyńska, Milena Jamiołkowska-Sztabkowska, Hanna Borysewicz-Sańczyk, Agnieszka Polkowska, Aneta Zasim, Klaudyna Noiszewska and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Maciej SzabłowskiClinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Paweł KlimasDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Natalia WiktorzakDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Michał OkruszkoDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Joanna PeczyńskaDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Milena Jamiołkowska-SztabkowskaDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Hanna Borysewicz-SańczykDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Agnieszka Polkowska
Aneta ZasimDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Klaudyna NoiszewskaDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Artur BossowskiDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.
Barbara Głowińska-OlszewskaDepartment of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionDiabetes is undeniably a pandemic of the 21st century. Although type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) only represents 10% of all diabetes cases, it dominates the pediatric population. The number of T1DM cases is accelerating, and Poland is one of the countries with the fastest increase in incidence. AIM OF THE STUDY: To evaluate the epidemiological situation in T1DM in Podlaskie region, Poland. MATERIAL AND

methodsThe study included 777 patients (369 girls and 408 boys) under 18. Incidence rates were calculated and standardized to an age-matched population (general population of Poland 2010).

resultsWe showed an upward trend in the number of cases during the analyzed period (R2 = 0.6, p = 0.001). The average incidence rate grew during the study period from 19.22/100,000 in 2010 to 34.11/100,000 in 2022, a 1.77-fold increase over the study period. The youngest age group (0-4 years old) showed the most prominent, nearly 2.3-fold rise, from 9.86/100,000 in 2010 to 22.56/100,000 in 2022. We have also demonstrated the possible impact of the COVID pandemic - after a decrease in 2020 we observed an increase of the incidence rate in 2021 up to 38.05/100,000 and in 2022 to 34/100,000.

conclusionsThe incidence of type 1 diabetes in Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland, continues its upward trend. Various factors may influence this, but the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is worth considering.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1AdolescentChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantInfant, NewbornMalePandemicsPolandSARS-CoV-2COVID-19diabetes mellitus type 1epidemiologyPodlasie region.Poland

Identifiers

PMID40353383
PMCPMC12051105

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.