Evidence mapPaperPMID 40355105Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of perinatology2026

Assessing Racial/Ethnic Variation and Trends in Vaginal Birth after Cesarean in California: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Linked Birth Certificate and Hospital Discharge Records.

Nicholas Rubashkin, E Nicole Teal, Rebecca J Baer, Saraswathi Vedam, Miriam Kuppermann, Grace Lanouette, Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski, Melissa G Rosenstein

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Article in American journal of perinatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nicholas RubashkinDivision of Ob/Gyn Hospital Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.ORCID 0000-0002-6955-0532
E Nicole TealDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California.
Rebecca J BaerCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.
Saraswathi VedamBirth Place Lab, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Miriam KuppermannCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.
Grace LanouetteDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Laura L Jelliffe-PawlowskiCalifornia Preterm Birth Initiative, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.
Melissa G RosensteinDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.

Funding

WOMEN'S REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RESEARCH CENTERK12HD001262 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · 1998 to 2025
$2.6M
UC San Diego Womens Reproductive Health Research ProgramK12HD001259 · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · 1999 to 2025
$2.2M
NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD001259NICHD NIH HHS K12 HD001262
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Increasing the vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) rate to 18% was a Healthy People 2020 goal. Detailed data on racial/ethnic differences in VBAC rates is lacking and can inform efforts to equitably increase VBAC rates. This study aimed to assess racial/ethnic variation in VBAC rates and to describe group trends in VBAC rates in California between 2011 and 2021.This retrospective cohort study used a database of birth certificates linked to hospital discharge records. We analyzed singleton, term live births among people who had a history of at least one prior cesarean birth, no identified contraindications to a vaginal birth, and self-identified their racial/ethnic group as Hispanic or non-Hispanic (American Indian-Alaskan Native (AIAN), Asian, Black, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or white). VBAC births were identified from birth certificate records. Differences between VBAC rates were assessed using univariable and multivariable Poisson log-linear regression while adjusting for potential confounders.A total of 607,808 birthing people were included (2,234 AIAN, 84,899 Asian, 34,217 Black, 2,559 Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 334,116 Hispanic, 149,783 white). Over the study period, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander birthing people had the highest average VBAC rate at 11.5% (AIAN, 6.5%; Asian, 8.8%; Black, 8.0%; Hispanic, 7.4%; white, 9.5%). In adjusted models, Black (aRR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01-1.11) and Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (aRR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.27-1.61) birthing people were more likely to have a VBAC compared with white birthing people, while Hispanic birthing people were less likely (aRR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.98). VBAC rates increased significantly (

Indexed as

EthnicityRacial GroupsVaginal Birth after CesareanAdultBirth CertificatesCaliforniaFemaleHumansPatient DischargePregnancyRetrospective StudiesYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID40355105
PMCPMC12767504

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