Evidence mapPaperPMID 40359244Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2025

Biomarkers of Insulin Resistance and Their Performance as Predictors of Treatment Response in Overweight Adults.

Robert J Brogan, Olav Rooyackers, Bethan E Phillips, Brigitte Twelkmeyer, Leanna M Ross, Philip J Atherton, William E Kraus, James A Timmons, Iain J Gallagher

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Robert J BroganAnaesthesia, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6996-7442
Olav RooyackersDivision of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden.
Bethan E PhillipsClinical, Metabolic and Molecular Physiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, England.
Brigitte TwelkmeyerDivision of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Huddinge, Sweden.
Leanna M RossDuke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701-2047, USA.
Philip J AthertonClinical, Metabolic and Molecular Physiology Research Group, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, England.
William E KrausDuke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27701-2047, USA.
James A TimmonsAugur Precision Medicine LTD, Stirling FK9 4AX, Scotland.ORCID 0000-0002-2255-1220
Iain J GallagherCenter for Biomedicine and Global Health, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH11 4BN, Scotland.

Funding

PERIPHERAL EFFECTS OF EXERCISE ON CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTHR01HL057354 · DUKE UNIVERSITY · 1998 to 2005
$3.8M
European Union Seventh Framework Programme HEALTH-F2-2012-277936NHLBI NIH HHS HL-057354;NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL057354NIDDK NIH HHS DK-081559NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK081559NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK081559STRRIDE II NCT00275145STRRIDE-PD NCT00962962
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

contextInsulin resistance (IR) contributes to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and is a risk factor for cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Amino acid and lipid metabolomic biomarkers associate with future type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in several epidemiological cohorts. Whether these biomarkers can accurately monitor changes in IR status following treatment is unclear.

objectiveHerein we evaluated the performance of clinical and metabolomic biomarker models to forecast altered IR, following lifestyle-based interventions.

designWe contrasted the performance of two distinct insulin assay types (high-sensitivity ELISA and immunoassay) and built IR diagnostic models using cross-sectional clinical and metabolomic data. These models were used to stratify IR status in preintervention fasting samples, from 3 independent cohorts (META-PREDICT (n = 179), STRRIDE-AT/RT (n = 116), and STRRIDE-PD (n = 149)). Linear and Bayesian projective prediction strategies were used to evaluate models for fasting insulin and homeostatic model assessment 2 for insulin resistance and change in fasting insulin with treatment.

resultsBoth insulin assays accurately quantified international standard insulin (R2 > 0.99), yet agreement between fasting insulins was less congruent (R2 = 0.65). A mean treatment effect on fasting insulin was only detectable using the ELISA. Clinical-metabolomic models were statistically related to fasting insulin (R2 0.33-0.39) but with modest capacity to classify IR at a clinically relevant homeostatic model assessment 2 for insulin resistance threshold. Furthermore, no model predicted treatment responses in any cohort.

conclusionWe demonstrate that the choice of insulin assay is critical when quantifying the influence of treatment on fasting insulin, whereas none of the clinical-metabolomic biomarkers, identified in cross-sectional studies, are suitable for monitoring longitudinally changes in IR status.

Indexed as

BiomarkersInsulin ResistanceOverweightAdultAgedCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FastingFemaleHumansInsulinMaleMiddle AgedTreatment OutcomeBiomarkersInsulinBayesian projective predictionexerciseobesity

Identifiers

PMID40359244
PMCPMC12712993

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.