Evidence mapPaperPMID 40360239Full record

ArticleBMJ evidence-based medicine2025

Reporting guideline for the use of Generative Artificial intelligence tools in MEdical Research: the GAMER Statement.

Xufei Luo, Yih Chung Tham, Mauro Giuffrè, Robert Ranisch, Mohammad Daher, Kyle Lam, Alexander Viktor Eriksen, Che-Wei Hsu, Akihiko Ozaki, Fabio Ynoe de Moraes and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ evidence-based medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
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  6. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Xufei LuoResearch Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
Yih Chung ThamDepartment of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore thamyc@nus.edu.sg chevidence@lzu.edu.cn janne.estill@unige.ch.
Mauro GiuffrèDepartment of Internal Medicine (Digestive Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9910-3514
Robert RanischFaculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany.
Mohammad DaherOrthopedic department, Hôtel Dieu de France, Beirut, Lebanon.
Kyle LamDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6407-4912
Alexander Viktor EriksenDepartment of Geriatric Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Che-Wei HsuDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-3297-3961
Akihiko OzakiJyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-4415-9657
Fabio Ynoe de MoraesDepartment of Oncology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Sahil KhannaGastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Kuan-Pin SuMind-Body Interface Research Center (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Emir BegagićDepartment of Neurosurgery, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Zhaoxiang BianVincent V.C. Woo Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Institute, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
Yaolong ChenResearch Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China thamyc@nus.edu.sg chevidence@lzu.edu.cn janne.estill@unige.ch.ORCID 0000-0002-9841-5233
Janne EstillEvidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China thamyc@nus.edu.sg chevidence@lzu.edu.cn janne.estill@unige.ch.
GAMER Working Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesGenerative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools can enhance the quality and efficiency of medical research, but their improper use may result in plagiarism, academic fraud and unreliable findings. Transparent reporting of GAI use is essential, yet existing guidelines from journals and institutions are inconsistent, with no standardised principles. DESIGN AND

settingInternational online Delphi study.

participantsInternational experts in medicine and artificial intelligence.

main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure is the consensus level of the Delphi expert panel on the items of inclusion criteria for GAMER (Rreporting guideline for the use of Generative Artificial intelligence tools in MEdical Research).

resultsThe development process included a scoping review, two Delphi rounds and virtual meetings. 51 experts from 26 countries participated in the process (44 in the Delphi survey). The final checklist comprises nine reporting items: general declaration, GAI tool specifications, prompting techniques, tool's role in the study, declaration of new GAI model(s) developed, artificial intelligence-assisted sections in the manuscript, content verification, data privacy and impact on conclusions.

conclusionGAMER provides universal and standardised guideline for GAI use in medical research, ensuring transparency, integrity and quality.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceBiomedical ResearchGuidelines as TopicDelphi TechniqueGenerative Artificial IntelligenceHumansEpidemiologyQuality of Health Care

Identifiers

PMID40360239
PMCPMC12703294

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.