Evidence mapPaperPMID 40360328Full record

ReviewSeminars in nephrology2025

Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as a Biomarker of Kidney Injury and Potential Predictor of Hypoxic Brain Injury in Severe Plasmodium falciparum Malaria: Insights From India.

Flora Olcott, Cesc Bertran-Cobo, Praveen K Sahu, Sameer Maharana, Jabamani Bage, Akshaya K Mohanty, Angelika Hoffmann, Sanjib Mohanty, Samuel C Wassmer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Seminars in nephrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Flora OlcottDepartment of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre for Clinical Research in Infection and Sexual Health, University College London, London, UK.
Cesc Bertran-CoboDepartment of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Praveen K SahuDepartment of Molecular Biology and Infectious Diseases, Community Welfare Society Hospital, Rourkela, India; Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela, India.
Sameer MaharanaCenter for the Study of Complex Malaria in India, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela, India.
Jabamani BageCenter for the Study of Complex Malaria in India, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela, India.
Akshaya K MohantyInfectious Diseases Biology Unit, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
Angelika HoffmannUniversity Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Sanjib MohantyDepartment of Molecular Biology and Infectious Diseases, Community Welfare Society Hospital, Rourkela, India; Center for the Study of Complex Malaria in India, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela, India.
Samuel C WassmerDepartment of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. Electronic address: sam.wassmer@lshtm.ac.uk.

Funding

Using Next-Generation Genomics to Study Antimalarial Drug Resistance in IndiaU19AI089676 · NIAID · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI OMPAD, DANIELLE C · 2010 to 2023
$22.6M
Project2: Developing New Diagnostic Tools for the Detection of Plasmodium Infection Across the Spectrum of Disease SeverityU19AI181587 · NIAID · LONDON SCH/HYGIENE & TROPICAL MEDICINE · PI Sam Wassmer · 2024 to 2026
$2.8M
NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089676NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI181587
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Severe malaria is associated with kidney and brain injury, yet potential mechanisms linking both complications remain understudied. We investigated the associations between kidney and brain injuries in a cohort of Indian adults and children with severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. We found that acute kidney injury was prevalent in both adults (64.4%) and children (71.4%). We also found that plasma levels of the structural kidney injury biomarker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were strongly associated with acute kidney injury severity (P < .0001) and negatively correlated with whole brain magnetic resonance imaging apparent diffusion coefficient values in cerebral malaria (r = -0.6, 95% confidence interval, -0.8 to -0.3). Low apparent diffusion coefficient values indicate cytotoxic edema, a form of hypoxic brain injury mediated by parasite sequestration and inflammation. Severe cytotoxic edema has been shown to be associated with increased mortality in severe malaria. In our cohort, there was a 5.5-fold greater risk of this form of brain injury (prevalence risk ratio, 5.5, 95% confidence interval, 2.3-13.2) in patients with high NGAL levels (>300 ng/mL). These results suggest that plasma NGAL may play a critical role in structural kidney injury and could serve as a predictive marker for hypoxic brain injury in the context of severe malaria.

Indexed as

Acute Kidney InjuryHypoxia, BrainLipocalinsMalaria, CerebralMalaria, FalciparumProto-Oncogene ProteinsAcute-Phase ProteinsAdolescentAdultBiomarkersChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIndiaLipocalin-2Acute-Phase ProteinsBiomarkersLCN2 protein, humanLipocalin-2LipocalinsProto-Oncogene Proteinsacute kidney injurybrain MRINGALPlasmodium falciparum

Identifiers

PMID40360328
PMCPMC12995296

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.