Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40360374›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical lipidology

Recognition and management of persistent chylomicronemia: A Joint Expert Clinical Consensus by the National Lipid Association and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology.

Seyedmohammad Saadatagah, Miriam Larouche, Mohammadreza Naderian, Vijay Nambi, Diane Brisson, Iftikhar J Kullo, P Barton Duell, Erin D Michos, Michael D Shapiro, Gerald F Watts and 2 more

Abstract readConsensus Statement
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical lipidology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Dietary Interventions for Hypertriglyceridemia.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Course of Pregnancies and Occurrence of Acute Pancreatitis in Women With Chylomicronemia.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Seyedmohammad SaadatagahDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (Drs Saadatagah, Nambi, and Ballantyne); Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (Dr Saadatagah).
Miriam LaroucheDepartment of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada (Drs Larouche, Brisson, and Gaudet); ECOGENE-21, Chicoutimi, Canada (Drs Larouche, Brisson, and Gaudet).
Mohammadreza NaderianDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA (Drs Naderian and Kullo).
Vijay NambiDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (Drs Saadatagah, Nambi, and Ballantyne); Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Hospital, Houston, TX, USA (Dr Nambi).
Diane BrissonDepartment of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada (Drs Larouche, Brisson, and Gaudet); ECOGENE-21, Chicoutimi, Canada (Drs Larouche, Brisson, and Gaudet).
Iftikhar J KulloDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA (Drs Naderian and Kullo); Gonda Vascular Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA (Dr Kullo).
P Barton DuellKnight Cardiovascular Institute and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA (Dr Duell).
Erin D MichosDivision of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA (Dr Michos).
Michael D ShapiroSection of Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA (Dr Shapiro).
Gerald F WattsMedical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia (Dr Watts); Cardiometabolic Service, Departments of Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (Dr Watts).
Daniel GaudetDepartment of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada (Drs Larouche, Brisson, and Gaudet); ECOGENE-21, Chicoutimi, Canada (Drs Larouche, Brisson, and Gaudet). Electronic address: daniel.gaudet@umontreal.ca.
Christie M BallantyneDepartment of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (Drs Saadatagah, Nambi, and Ballantyne). Electronic address: cmb@bcm.edu.

Funding

Genomic Basis of Susceptibility to COVID-19 Infection and its ComplicationsU01HG006379 · NHGRI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI Richard R. Sharp · 2011 to 2026
$16.5M
Polygenic Risk of Disease in Populations of Diverse AncestryU01HG011710 · NHGRI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · PI SCHAID, DANIEL J. · 2021 to 2025
$3.2M
Collaborative Research Training in Thrombosis and InflammationT32HL139425 · NHLBI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI Miguel Angel Cruz, ROLANDO E RUMBAUT · 2018 to 2026
$2.4M
NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG006379NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG011710NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL139425
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extreme hypertriglyceridemia, defined as triglyceride (TG) levels ≥1000 mg/dL, is almost always indicative of chylomicronemia. The current diagnostic approach categorizes individuals with chylomicronemia into familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS; prevalence 1-10 per million), caused by the biallelic combination of pathogenic variants that impair the lipolytic action of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), or multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS, 1 in 500). A pragmatic framework should emphasize the severity of the phenotype and the risk of complications. Therefore, we endorse the term "persistent chylomicronemia (PC)" defined as TG ≥1000 mg/dL in more than half of the measurements to encompass patients with the highest risk for pancreatitis, regardless of their genetic predisposition. We suggest classification of PC into 4 subtypes: (1) genetic FCS, (2) clinical FCS, (3) PC with "alarm" features, and (4) PC without alarm features. Although patients with FCS most likely have PC, the vast majority with PC do not have genetic FCS. Proposed alarm features are: (a) history of recurrent TG-induced acute pancreatitis, (b) recurrent hospitalizations for severe abdominal pain without another identified cause, (c) childhood pancreatitis, (d) family history of TG-induced pancreatitis, and/or (e) postheparin LPL activity <20% of normal value. Alarm features constitute the strongest risk factors for future acute pancreatitis risk. Patients with PC and alarm features have very high risk of pancreatitis, comparable to that in patients with FCS. Effective, innovative treatments for PC, like apolipoprotein C-III inhibitors, have been developed. Combined with lifestyle modifications, these agents markedly lower TG levels and risk of pancreatitis in the very-high-risk groups, irrespective of the monogenic etiology. Pragmatic definitions, education, and focus on patients with PC, specifically those with alarm features, could help mitigate the risk of acute pancreatitis and other complications.

Indexed as

Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IHumansPancreatitisSocieties, MedicalUnited StatesApoC-III inhibitorsChylomicronemiaFamilial chylomicronemia syndromeHypertriglyceridemiaMultifactorial chylomicronemia syndromePancreatitisPersistent chylomicronemia

Identifiers

PMID40360374
PMCPMC13227694

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.