Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40361599›Full record

ArticleFoods (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Microwave-Assisted Valorization of Tomato Pomace for Pectin Recovery: Improving Yields and Environmental Footprint.

Nikolina Golub, Emerik Galić, Kristina Radić, Nada Smigic, Ilija Djekić, Sandra Pedisić, Dubravka Vitali Čepo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Foods (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nikolina GolubDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-1217-2569
Emerik GalićDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-4239-9366
Kristina RadićDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0001-5792-5061
Nada SmigicDepartment of Food Safety and Quality Management, University of Belgrade Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina Street 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-5245-1239
Ilija DjekićDepartment of Food Safety and Quality Management, University of Belgrade Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina Street 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.ORCID 0000-0002-8132-8299
Sandra PedisićCentre for Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Petra Kasandrića 3, 23000 Zadar, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0002-5491-0128
Dubravka Vitali ČepoDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Ante Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

Funding

Croatian Science Foundation HRZZ-DOK-2021-02-6801Croatian Science Foundation HRZZ-IP-2022-10-4597European Regional Development KK.01.1.1.02.0021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rising industrial demands emphasize the need for exploring other non-traditional sources for obtaining pectin. As efforts to enhance circular economy practices and reduce reliance on primary resources intensify; the focus has shifted towards utilizing various types of agricultural and food industry waste; including tomato pomace waste (TPW). In this work; the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and TPW pretreatment methods were optimized to improve pectin yields and decrease the environmental impact of the extraction process; compared to conventional solvent extraction (CSE). The response surface methodology was used to model the optimization process. The physico-chemical properties of pectin were determined using titrimetric methods and FTIR spectroscopy. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was applied to assess the environmental impact of MAE and CSE. Optimal microwave conditions (11.66 min/600 W/pH 1) yielded two times more pectin than CSE (2 h/85 °C/pH 1.5). Pre-processing treatments (mechanical ball milling and defatting) showed marginal effects on pectin yields and properties; and; therefore; can be omitted in order to reduce the energy consumption of the process. The LCA showed that single conventional extraction treatment had two times higher values of the ecological footprint compared to MAE; for all indicators. The results suggest that MAE can be used as an efficient green method for pectin extraction from TPW.

Indexed as

life cycle assessmentmechanical ball millingmicrowave-assisted extractionpectintomato pomace waste

Identifiers

PMID40361599
PMCPMC12071326

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.