ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2025
Peripheral Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: Their Impact on Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and Glia Activation in Alzheimer's Disease.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epitranscriptomic imprints on glial cell polarization: METTL3/IGF2BP2 axis as a driver of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Apolipoprotein E ε4 and type 2 diabetes cooperatively accelerate amyloid beta and tau neurodegeneration.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Microbiome-metabolite signaling networks in gastrointestinal disease: systems biology, network rewiring, and precision therapeutics.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- The Gut-Brain-Immune Axis: Multi-Omics Insights into Neurodegenerative and Metabolic Diseases.Cells · 2026Review
- Systems Biology and Atomistic Simulations Reveal Multi-Target Modulation of Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Failure of Hepatic Insulin Clearance via CEACAM1-Mediated Endocytosis: The Missing Physiological Link Between Proinsulin Misfolding, Hyperinsulinemia, and Metabolic Complications in Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and NAFLD.Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Review
- MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Brain Aging Hallmarks: Implications for Neurodegeneration and Neural Recovery.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Symbiotic in Alzheimer's disease: modulating the gut-brain axis for neuroimmune homeostasis and cognitive protection.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Serum ZO-1 and occludin levels in bipolar disorder patients.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- [Plasma metabolites mediates the causal effect of inflammatory proteins on Alzheimer's disease: a Mendelian randomization study].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
- Alzheimer's Disease as a Disorder of Neuroimmune Dysregulation.Neurology international · 2026Review
- The promise of GLP-1 receptor agonists for neurodegenerative diseases.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Postoperative neurocognitive disorder: migration and crosstalk of inflammation in the peripheral and central nervous system.Perioperative medicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- From Metabolism to Mind: The Cardio-Metabolic-Brain Axis and the Role of Insulin Resistance-A Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Association of peripheral insulin resistance with cognitive impairment in patients with non-disabling ischemic cerebrovascular events and the mediating role of chronic inflammatory biomarkers.European journal of medical research · 2026Article
- Insulin Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease: Association with Brain Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- TyG index and mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a review of current evidence.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Nutritional-metabolic risk stratification for delirium in surgical critically ill patients: joint associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and stress hyperglycemia ratio.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Ratanasampil alleviates cognitive impairment in mice induced by chronic hypoxia by modulating inflammatory responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Brain insulin resistance: a key pathological hub linking metabolic and neuropsychiatric comorbidities.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory impairment, and synaptic dysfunction. The accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau protein leads to neuronal dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and glial cell activation. Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral insulin resistance and chronic inflammation, often associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, promote increased proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and immune cell infiltration. These conditions further damage the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and promote neurotoxicity and chronic glial cell activation. This induces neuroinflammation and impaired neuronal insulin signaling, reducing glucose metabolism and exacerbating Aβ accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation. Indeed, epidemiological studies have linked T2D and obesity with an increased risk of developing AD, reinforcing the connection between metabolic disorders and neurodegeneration. This review explores the relationships between peripheral insulin resistance, inflammation, and BBB dysfunction, highlighting their role in glial activation and the exacerbation of AD pathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.