ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Ion Release from Endodontic and Restorative Dental Materials: Effects of pH and Time.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- pH-responsive ion release kinetics of a chitosan-based hydrogel incorporating nanohydroxyapatite and sodium fluoride for enamel remineralization.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Evaluation of metal ion retention in tooth structure following the removal of dental amalgam restorations: an ex vivo study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Materials and Techniques in Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Orthodontics (Second Edition).Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRoot canal sealers remain in long-term contact with dental tissues, raising concerns about their potential adverse effects.
methodsThis study evaluates the physicochemical properties and ion-release profiles of three dental materials: zinc oxide/eugenol-based sealer, zinc phosphate cement (luting agent), and glass-ionomer cement (restorative material) under acidic (pH 4) and neutral (pH 7) conditions over 24 h and 30 days to determine their behavior and bioactivity in vitro. The materials were evaluated for their setting time, consistency, film thickness, solubility, and ion release using atomic emission spectrometry. The influence of pH and exposure time on ion release was analyzed using multiple regression analysis.
resultsAll tested materials met the ISO standards for their respective categories. The zinc oxide/eugenol and zinc phosphate cements released increased levels of zinc in acidic environments (pH 4), suggesting potential antimicrobial properties. The glass-ionomer cement exhibited higher silicon and strontium release under a neutral pH (pH 7), indicating potential remineralization effects. Silver from the zinc oxide/eugenol material was below the detection limit of the applied method, suggesting minimal ion release under the tested conditions. Maximum zinc release from root canal sealer occurred after 30 days at pH 4 (1.39 ± 0.26 mg), while the highest silicon release from glass-ionomer cement was observed at pH 7 after 30 days (1.03 ± 0.21 mg).
conclusionsZinc oxide/eugenol materials exhibited increased zinc release under acidic conditions. In contrast, the restorative and luting materials demonstrated distinct ion-release patterns, aligning with their respective intended applications rather than endodontic purposes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.