Evidence mapPaperPMID 40368029Full record

ReviewThe ocular surface2025

Tear fluid derived extracellular vesicles for new biomarker discovery.

Natalie Phan, Yi Li, Menglu Yang, Fei Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The ocular surface, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Emerging concepts in atopic dermatitis and atopic keratoconjunctivitis.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Natalie PhanDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Yi LiDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Menglu YangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. Electronic address: menglu_yang@meei.harvard.edu.
Fei LiuDepartment of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address: fliu@bwh.harvard.edu.

Funding

Lacrimal Gland Repair Using Progenitor CellsR01EY026202 · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · 2025 to 2025
$422k
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY026202
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Various cell types release extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing proteins, DNA, and RNA essential for intercellular communication. The bioactive molecules from EVs can reflect disease status and monitor progression, while their communication abilities suggest therapeutic potential. We will review various EV isolation methods, EV-enriched fluids, and studies analyzing differential mi-RNA and protein levels extracted from EVs. Specifically, tear-derived EVs, which protect their molecular content and allow for real-time monitoring of ocular conditions such as Dry Eye Disease (DED), Sjögren's disease (SJD), Ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD), and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), which all currently remain undiagnosed in patients. EVs also provide potential as carriers for gene transfer, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs)-derived EVs are shown to be immunomodulatory, demonstrating promise for autoimmune ocular diseases. Through the multi-omic analysis of tear-fluid content, EVs are promising biomarkers and therapeutic agents in ocular diseases.

Indexed as

BiomarkersExtracellular VesiclesEye DiseasesTearsDry Eye SyndromesHumansBiomarkersBiomarkersDiagnosticsExtracellular vesiclesTearsTherapeutics

Identifiers

PMID40368029
PMCPMC12208681

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.