ArticleJournal of translational medicine2025
Characteristics of the vaginal microbiota associated with recurrent spontaneous preterm birth: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Impact of First-Trimester Vaginal Microecology on Spontaneous Abortion: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lactobacillus iners at the nexus of microbiota, immunity, and pregnancy.Journal of reproductive immunology · 2026Review
- Distinct vaginal microbial signatures in pregnancies complicated by antiphospholipid syndrome: depletion ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Microbiome-Mediated Immune Dysregulation in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Implantation Failure.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Article
- Vaginal Microecological Imbalance, Human Papillomavirus Infection, and Cervical Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Comprehensive analysis of vaginal microbiota, metabolites, and inflammatory factors in preterm and term pregnancies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- The dual nature of immunotherapy in female reproductive disorders: immune homeostasis and clinical challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Dynamic changes in the pregnancy microbiome and their role in preterm birth.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFailure to understand the causes of recurrent spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) has limited effective interventions. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the vaginal microbiota and the risk of sPTB recurrence.
methodsA prospective cohort study was conducted involving 152 pregnant women at a high risk of sPTB recurrence due to a history of sPTB between 16 and 27
resultsFifty-three (34.9%) participants experienced recurrent sPTB. Using random forest classification models and the linear discriminant analysis effect size method, Lactobacillus iners (L. iners) and Lactobacillus crispatus (L. crispatus) were identified as featured species that distinguished the recurrent group from the non-recurrent group. Following the hierarchical clustering of the vaginal microbiota into six community state types (CSTs), in the recurrent group, CST III (dominated by L. iners) was more prevalent in early pregnancy, whereas in late pregnancy, CST IVA and CST IVB (dominated by nonlactobacilli) were more prevalent. In contrast, CST IA (dominated by L. crispatus) was more prevalent in the non-recurrent group. The six CSTs was simplified into three vaginal community types, L. iners dominant type exhibited decreased instability and a greater likelihood of transitioning to the non-lactobacillus dominant type compared with other (non-iners) Lactobacilli dominant types.
conclusionsL. iners dominance in the vaginal microbiota before 16 weeks of gestation is associated with an increased risk of recurrent sPTB, partly because of its propensity to transition to an unfavorable non-Lactobacillus-dominant state. This finding highlights the potential role of vaginal microbiota as an intervention target for reducing the risk of recurrent sPTB in early pregnancy.
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Registered trials
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