Evidence mapPaperPMID 40370905Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Intestinal Metastasis of Choriocarcinoma: A Case Report of a Rare Cause of Gastrointestinal Bleeding.

Kevin Winston, Edo Rezaprasga, Syahidatul Wafa

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kevin WinstonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, IDN.
Edo RezaprasgaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, IDN.
Syahidatul WafaDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, IDN.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Choriocarcinoma is widely known as an aggressive gestational trophoblastic disease characterized by rapid proliferation and early hematogenous spread. Gastrointestinal metastases, particularly to the small intestine, are rare but can lead to life-threatening complications such as ulceration, perforation, and massive bleeding. This case report describes intestinal metastasis of choriocarcinoma in a 30-year-old patient presenting with chronic hematochezia, progressive pallor, unintentional weight loss over three months, and left lower abdominal pain. Previously, the patient had a molar pregnancy, which was removed via dilation and curettage procedure, but no subsequent follow-up and examinations were conducted post-operation. Physical examination revealed conjunctival pallor and a palpable mass in the left lower quadrant, with rectal examination confirming active bleeding. Chest X-ray revealed multiple pulmonary nodules, and ultrasound revealed abdomen liver metastasis and irregular mass in the lower abdomen. The same mass was confirmed by CT scan of the abdomen. During hospitalization, the patient experienced recurrent GI bleeding, necessitating multiple blood transfusions. Colonoscopy identified an actively bleeding mass in the terminal ileum, and an abdominal CT scan confirmed a large abdominal mass. Extremely elevated levels of hCG (>1,000,000 mIU/mL) supported the diagnosis of metastatic gestational trophoblastic cancer with subsequent histopathological analysis confirmed metastatic choriocarcinoma. Given the persistent hemorrhage, surgical intervention was performed, but the patient developed postoperative sepsis and succumbed to the illness. Although choriocarcinoma is highly treatable with chemotherapy, atypical metastases to the gastrointestinal tract can complicate diagnosis and management, leading to severe complications. This case emphasizes the importance of considering choriocarcinoma in the differential diagnosis of unexplained GI bleeding in patients with a history of gestational trophoblastic disease.

Indexed as

choriocarcinomagastrointestinal bleedinggastrointestinal metastasisgestational trophoblastic diseasehematochezia

Identifiers

PMID40370905
PMCPMC12076091

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.