ReviewInternational forum of allergy & rhinology2025
Expert Strategies: Skull Base Reconstruction-Global Perspectives, Insights, and Algorithms through a Mixed Methods Approach.
Abstract readReview
In one paragraph
Review in International forum of allergy & rhinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Septal flip flap after endoscopic unilateral resection of sinonasal tumors: a multicenter experience of 133 patients.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Obesity and Skull Base Manifestations: Clinical Implications and Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Experimental and Clinical Evaluation of Spongostan as a Substitute for Spongel in Sellar Floor Reconstruction during Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2026Article
- Pedicled lateral nasal wall flap for endoscopic skull base reconstruction: how I do it.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Article
- Expert Strategies: Skull Base Reconstruction-Global Perspectives, Insights, and Algorithms through a Mixed Methods Approach.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
78 authors.
Edward C KuanDepartments of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery and Neurological Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3475-0718
Vidit TalatiDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0831-6440
Jagatkumar A PatelKaiser Permanente, Orange County, Anaheim, California, USA.
Theodore V NguyenDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3416-5976
Arash AbiriDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA.
Jonathan C PangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2300-3904
Khodayar GoshtasbiDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA.
Lauren LiuDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA.
John R CraigDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7377-4782
Peter PapagiannopoulosDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Katie M PhillipsDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Bobby A TajudeenDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Nithin D AdappaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
James N PalmerDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Ahmad R SedaghatDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6331-2325
Eric W WangDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1180-5854
Vijay AnandDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Cornell University, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
Pete S BatraDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Marvin BergsneiderDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Manuel Bernal-SprekelsenOtorhinolaryngology Department, Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Benjamin S BleierDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Paolo CappabiancaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
Ricardo L CarrauDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Roy R CasianoDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Paolo CastelnuovoDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy.
Luigi M CavalloDepartment of Neurosurgery, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy.
Marc A CohenDepartment of Surgery, Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Iacopo DallanDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
Jean Anderson EloyDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Ivan H El-SayedDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
James J EvansDepartment of Neurological Surgery and Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Juan C Fernandez-MirandaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California, USA.
Marco FerrariDepartment of Neurosciences, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4023-0121
Sebastien FroelichDepartment of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
Paul A GardnerDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Christos GeorgalasDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0003-1158-020X
Stacey T GrayDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Ehab Y HannaDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Richard J HarveyRhinology and Skull Base Research Group, Applied Medical Research Centre, University of South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-6942-8975
Sang Duk HongDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Peter H HwangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0786-4675
Daniel F KellyDepartment of Neurosurgery, Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Santa Monica, California, USA.
Doo-Sik KongDepartment of Neurosurgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Ming-Ying LanDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.ORCID 0000-0001-5565-9580
John Y K LeeDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Corinna G LevineDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
James K LiuDepartment of Neurological Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Davide LocatelliDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Neurological Surgery, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy.
Cem MeçoDepartment of Surgery, Head and Neck Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
Erin L McKeanDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Piero NicolaiDepartment of Neurosciences, Section of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Gurston G NyquistDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Kazuhiro OmuraDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-4337-4745
Thibault PasseriDepartment of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, University of Paris Diderot, Paris, France.
Zara M PatelDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2072-982X
Maria Peris CeldaDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Carlos Pinheiro NetoDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Danny M PrevedelloDepartment of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Mindy R RabinowitzDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Shaan M RazaDepartment of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Pablo F RecinosDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Marc R RosenDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Zoukaa B SargiDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
Rodney J SchlosserDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6480-0275
Theodore H SchwartzDepartment of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA.
Raj SindwaniHead and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Carl H SnydermanDepartment of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8920-4522
Aldo C StammSão Paulo ENT Center (COF), Edmundo Vasconcelos Complex, São Paulo, Brazil.
Brian D ThorpDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Mario Turri-ZanoniDepartment of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Insubria, ASST Sette Laghi Hospital, Varese, Italy.
Marilene B WangDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Wei-Hsin WangDivision of General Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ian J WitterickDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Tae-Bin WonDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Bradford A WoodworthDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3292-9167
Peter-John WormaldDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Gabriel ZadaDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Shirley Y SuDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Funding
X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4MNCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748
Abstract
objectiveThere is limited consensus on endoscopic skull base surgery (ESBS) reconstruction principles. This study aims to generate comprehensive themes regarding ESBS reconstruction by pooling the experiences of ESBS experts, with comparison to a literature review of current published evidence.
methodsStructured qualitative interviews of ESBS experts regarding postoperative management and reconstruction of various defect locations were conducted.
resultsA total of 68 experts comprising 40 academic teams across 13 countries with an average of 18 years of ESBS experience were included. We propose 10 stepwise algorithms for common skull base reconstruction scenarios based on these expert interviews. When available, the nasoseptal flap is used for all high_flow cerebrospinal leak defects. Multilayered reconstruction is favored at all anatomical subsites with increasing number of layers for increasing defect size and complexity. Heterogeneity exists in terms of inlay technique and materials, free grafting versus various pedicled flap options for low-flow defects or in the absence of a nasal septum, nasal packing, tissue sealant, lumbar drain use, and postoperative management. Commonalities and discrepancies between experts were summarized.
conclusionSkull base reconstruction and post-ESBS management is highly complex with a wide variety of practice patterns and expert strategies. Further research of higher quality evidence is warranted to identify optimal management patterns, though the current work aims to inform surgeons on these controversial areas by drawing from numerous experiences.
Indexed as
EndoscopyPlastic Surgery ProceduresSkull BaseAlgorithmsCerebrospinal Fluid LeakHumansSurgical Flapsanterior cranial fossacerebrospinal fluid leakCSF leak repairencephaloceleexpert algorithmsposterior cranial fossapostoperative precautionssellaskull base reconstructionsuprasellar
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.