Evidence mapPaperPMID 40371883Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of clinical investigation2025

Bridging the gap in obesity research: A consensus statement from the European Society for Clinical Investigation.

Federico Carbone, Jean-Pierre Després, John P A Ioannidis, Ian J Neeland, Gabriella Garruti, Luca Busetto, Luca Liberale, Stefano Ministrini, Gemma Vilahur, Thomas H Schindler and 19 more

Abstract readReviewConsensus Statement
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of clinical investigation, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  5. Emotional eating behaviour and obesity in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey in Taizhou, China.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Federico CarboneDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2957-4078
Jean-Pierre DesprésInstitut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
John P A IoannidisDepartment of Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, and Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS), Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-6859
Ian J NeelandCase Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Gabriella GarrutiDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-7239
Luca BusettoDepartment of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Luca LiberaleDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-7975
Stefano MinistriniCenter for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4358-6411
Gemma VilahurResearch Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2828-8873
Thomas H SchindlerWashington University in St. Louis, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Maria Paula MacedoAPDP - Diabetes Portugal, Education and Research Center, Lisbon, Portugal.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2549-0275
Agostino Di CiaulaDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Marcin KrawczykDepartment of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0113-0777
Andreas GeierInterdisciplinary Amyloidosis Center of Northern Bavaria, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Gyorgy BaffyDepartment of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Maria Felicia FaienzaDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
Ilaria FarellaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, LUM University, Casamassima, Italy.
Nicola SantoroDepartment of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Gema FrühbeckDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8305-7154
Patricia Yárnoz-EsquirozDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain.
Javier Gómez-AmbrosiDepartment of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cancer Center Clínica Universidad de Navarra (CCUN), Pamplona, Spain.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5601-1604
Emma Chávez-ManzaneraInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Verónica Vázquez-VelázquezInstituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
Jean-Michel OppertDepartment of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (AP-HP), Human Nutrition Research Center Ile-de-France (CRNH IdF), Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
Dimitrios N KiortsisAtherothrombosis Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Paolo SbracciaDepartment of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Carmine ZoccaliRenal Research Institute, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-1996
Piero PortincasaDepartment of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePre-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5359-1471
Fabrizio MontecuccoDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-8729

Funding

Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y NutriciónEuropean Commission CUP H93C22000950001Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia UIDB/Multi/04462/2020HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme 101080329Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI22/00745Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI23/00208Ministero della Salute RCR-2022-23682288Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca MNESYS (PE0000006)Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca PE0000003National Science Centre, Poland UMO-2021/43/I/NZ3/00510
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMost forms of obesity are associated with chronic diseases that remain a global public health challenge.

aimsDespite significant advancements in understanding its pathophysiology, effective management of obesity is hindered by the persistence of knowledge gaps in epidemiology, phenotypic heterogeneity and policy implementation. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis consensus statement by the European Society for Clinical Investigation identifies eight critical areas requiring urgent attention. Key gaps include insufficient long-term data on obesity trends, the inadequacy of body mass index (BMI) as a sole diagnostic measure, and insufficient recognition of phenotypic diversity in obesity-related cardiometabolic risks. Moreover, the socio-economic drivers of obesity and its transition across phenotypes remain poorly understood.

resultsThe syndemic nature of obesity, exacerbated by globalization and environmental changes, necessitates a holistic approach integrating global frameworks and community-level interventions. This statement advocates for leveraging emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, to refine predictive models and address phenotypic variability. It underscores the importance of collaborative efforts among scientists, policymakers, and stakeholders to create tailored interventions and enduring policies. DISCUSSION: The consensus highlights the need for harmonizing anthropometric and biochemical markers, fostering inclusive public health narratives and combating stigma associated with obesity. By addressing these gaps, this initiative aims to advance research, improve prevention strategies and optimize care delivery for people living with obesity.

conclusionThis collaborative effort marks a decisive step towards mitigating the obesity epidemic and its profound impact on global health systems. Ultimately, obesity should be considered as being largely the consequence of a socio-economic model not compatible with optimal human health.

Indexed as

ObesityArtificial IntelligenceBiomedical ResearchBody Mass IndexConsensusEuropeHumansPhenotypebody mass indexcardiovascular riskmanagement of obesitymetabolically healthy obesitymetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver diseaseobesitiesobesityobesity definitionobesity transitionpaediatric obesitywaist circumference

Identifiers

PMID40371883
PMCPMC12257286

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.