ArticleBMC cardiovascular disorders2025
Social determinants of health (SDOH) associated with the risk of all-cause mortality and life expectancy in US adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a NHANES 2001-2018 cohort study.
Article in BMC cardiovascular disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- 2026 AHA/ACC/ADA/ASN Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2026Guideline
- Decline and Resurgence of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome-Related Deaths Involving Malnutrition in the United States, 1999 to 2023.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Social Risk Factors and Disparities in Advanced Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: a comprehensive review of pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Review
- The Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Overactive Bladder in US Adults: Depression as a Potential Explanatory Factor.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Social Determinants of Health and Their Association With Parkinson's Disease Prevalence in US Adults: Insights From NHANES 2001-2020.Behavioural neurology · 2026Article
- Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incident cardiovascular disease in adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic stages 0-3: a nationwide prospective cohort study in China.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Low education and employment status drive cardiometabolic health: a social determinants perspective in Chinese population.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesSocial determinants of health (SDOH) contributed to preventable health inequities. However, association between SDOH and mortality in populations with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome remain still unclear. This study aims to investigate this association and the influence of SDOH on life expectancy in CKM syndrome populations. STUDY
designA cohort study using data from the 2001-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants with incomplete data were excluded.
methodsCKM stages 1-4 were considered as CKM syndrome according to American Heart Association's suggestions. Ten measures of SDOH were assessed, and the combined score of SDOH were calculated as the sum of the weighted scores for each SDOH. Participants were then categorized into 3 groups according to SDOH tertiles. After adjustment for confounders, cox regression models were fitted to investigate the association between SDOH and all-cause mortality. Restricted cubic splines (RCS), subgroup analysis, and interaction analysis were also constructed.
resultsDuring a median follow-up of 7.33 years (IQR 4.17-10.58), a total of 10,040 participants with CKM syndrome were enrolled. The linear positive association between SDOH and the risk of all-cause mortality was observed. Results were consistent in subgroup analysis and several sensitivity analyses, and interaction analysis showed that this association can be modified by drinking. We also found that unfavorable SDOH correlated with shorter life expectancy compared to favorable SDOH.
conclusionUnfavorable SDOH associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality and shorter life expectancy in populations with CKM syndrome, addressing the importance of integrating SDOH into the management of CKM syndrome. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.
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